Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Porcine MAOA Gene Associated with Aggressive Behavior of Weaned Pigs after Group Mixing
Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Porcine MAOA Gene Associated with Aggressive Behavior of Weaned Pigs after Group Mixing
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猪MAOA基因单核苷酸多态性与断奶仔猪混群后攻击性行为相关性的鉴定
DOI：
10.3390/ani9110952
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Schinckel, Allan P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Ruonan;Chu, Qingpo;Schinckel, Allan P.
**简单总结**：已有研究报道，单胺氧化酶A（MAOA）基因是多个物种攻击性行为的候选基因。在本研究中，挑选混群后每栏中最具攻击性和最温顺的断奶仔猪，以鉴定猪MAOA基因中与攻击性行为相关的单核苷酸多态性。利用含有不同长度截短型猪MAOA启动子的构建体，通过双荧光素酶报告系统测定启动子活性。猪MAOA的核心启动子区域位于 -679 bp至 -400 bp 处。对MAOA基因中的9个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行基因分型，其中6个SNP在攻击性强和温顺的猪之间，等位基因频率存在显著差异。猪MAOA基因中的4个连锁SNP与断奶仔猪混群后的攻击性行为相关，可作为猪攻击性行为的候选分子标记。
**摘要**：了解行为性状表达背后的遗传背景，有望加快降低猪攻击性行为的遗传进展。单胺氧化酶A（MAOA）基因被称为“勇士”基因，因为此前它已被证明与人类和家畜的攻击性行为相关。为鉴定猪MAOA基因中与猪攻击性行为相关的单核苷酸多态性，选取500头断奶仔猪，分入51个栏中混群饲养。根据综合攻击评分（CAS），在每栏中挑选2头攻击性强的仔猪和2头温顺的仔猪（共204头）。采集耳组织提取基因组DNA。利用含有不同长度截短型猪MAOA启动子的构建体，通过双荧光素酶报告系统测定启动子活性。核心启动子区域位于 -679 bp至 -400 bp 处。对MAOA基因中的9个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行基因分型，其中6个SNP在攻击性强和温顺的猪之间，等位基因频率存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。连锁不平衡和关联分析表明，对于4个连锁SNP（rs321936011、rs331624976、rs346245147和rs346324437），遗传了野生基因型的猪比具有突变基因型的猪表现出更强的攻击性行为（p < 0.05）。此外，具有GCAA单倍型的猪比具有GCGA或ATGG单倍型的猪攻击性更强（p < 0.05）。与含有突变基因型AA的构建体相比，含有rs321936011野生基因型GG的构建体启动子活性更低（p = 0.031）。这些结果表明，MAOA基因中的4个连锁SNP可作为猪行为性状选择的分子标记。
Simple Summary Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) gene had been reported as a candidate gene of aggressive behavior in several species. In the present study, the most aggressive and docile weaned pigs in each pen after group mixing were selected to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in porcine MAOA gene associated with aggressive behavior. Constructs containing variable lengths of truncated porcine MAOA promoter were used to determine the promoter activity by a dual luciferase reporter system. The core promoter region of porcine MAOA was located at −679 bp to −400 bp. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MAOA gene were genotyped, of which six SNPs had significant differences in allele frequency between the aggressive and docile pigs. Four linked SNPs in porcine MAOA gene were associated with aggressive behavior in weaned pigs after mixing, which can be used as candidate molecular markers for aggressive behavior in pigs. Abstract Understanding the genetic background underlying the expression of behavioral traits has the potential to fasten the genetic progress for reduced aggressive behavior of pigs. The monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene is known as the “warrior” gene, as it has been previously linked to aggressive behavior in humans and livestock animals. To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in porcine MAOA gene associated with aggressive behavior of pigs, a total of 500 weaned pigs were selected and mixed in 51 pens. In each pen, two aggressive and two docile pigs (a total of 204 pigs) were selected based on their composite aggressive score (CAS). Ear tissue was sampled to extract genomic DNA. Constructs containing variable lengths of truncated porcine MAOA promoter were used to determine the promoter activity by a dual luciferase reporter system. The core promoter region was located at −679 bp to −400 bp. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MAOA gene were genotyped, of which six SNPs had significant differences (p < 0.05) in allele frequency between the aggressive and docile pigs. Linkage disequilibrium and association analyses showed that the pigs inherited the wild genotypes showed more aggressive behavior (p < 0.05) than pigs with the mutant genotypes of the four linked SNPs, rs321936011, rs331624976, rs346245147, and rs346324437. In addition, pigs of GCAA haplotype were more (p < 0.05) aggressive than the pigs with GCGA or ATGG haplotype. The construct containing the wild genotype GG of rs321936011 had lower (p = 0.031) promoter activity compared to the mutant genotype AA. These results suggest that the four linked SNPs in MAOA gene could be considered as a molecular marker for behavioral trait selection in pigs.