Limit states design based codes for geotechnical aspects of foundations in Canada
Limit states design based codes for geotechnical aspects of foundations in Canada
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加拿大地基岩土工程方面的极限状态设计规范
DOI：
10.1142/9789812772480_0001
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Becker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Becker
加拿大和世界其他地方的岩土工程专业正在将极限状态设计纳入基础工程岩土设计方面的实践规范。使用极限状态设计的主要好处是，它提供了一个结构和岩土工程师之间的一致的设计方法，以及提供一个合理的和一致的框架，设计和风险管理的设计不确定性。极限状态设计的岩土方面的基础首次引入加拿大的工程实践在20世纪80年代初。然而，直到最近，基于荷载和抗力系数设计（LRFD）的极限状态设计才成为2005年加拿大国家建筑规范（NBCC）和现行加拿大公路桥梁设计规范（CHBDC 2000）的强制性要求。随着工程实践者努力从传统的工作（许用）应力设计过渡到基于极限状态（LRFD）概念的设计，关于极限状态设计的目标仍然存在困惑。如果要成功实施地基极限状态设计，加拿大岩土工程界需要更好地理解极限状态设计的基础和使用。加拿大地基工程手册第四版（CFEM 2006）的编制是为了提供一个一致的和最新的技术交叉引用CHBDC和NBCC，以及跟上当前的国家实践和国家的最新技术方面的基础设计。本文介绍了加拿大的限制状态设计的需求和目标，及其在规范中的发展;确定和描述了加拿大的主要代码;讨论了CFEM和其他权威参考与这些代码的作用;讨论了一些经验和实践中遇到的挑战，在实施和应用极限状态设计;并概述了正在进行的和拟议的代码开发工作，以及相关的未来研究需求。强调了理解基本原理、结构工程师和岩土工程师之间的有效沟通、教育和培训的重要性。所有这些组件都是成功实施和验收地基工程岩土方面极限状态设计所必需的。
The geotechnical engineering profession in Canada, and elsewhere throughout the world, is in the process of incorporating limit states design into codes of practice for geotechnical design aspects of foundation engineering. Primary benefits of the use of limit states design are that it provides a consistent design approach between structural and geotechnical engineers, as well as providing a rational and consistent framework for design and risk management of design uncertainty.Limit states design for geotechnical aspects of foundations was first introduced into Canadian engineering practice in the early 1980s. Nevertheless, it was only recently that limit states design based on Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) became a mandatory requirement in the 2005 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) and the current Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC 2000). Confusion continues to exist concerning the objectives of limit states design as engineering practitioners struggle to undergo the transition from traditional working (allowable) stress design to design based on limit states (LRFD) concepts. The basis and use of limit states design need to be better understood by the Canadian geotechnical community if limit states design for foundations is to be successfully implemented. The 4thEdition of the Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual (CFEM 2006) was prepared to provide a consistent and up to date technical cross-reference to the CHBDC and the NBCC, as well as to keep abreast of current state-of-practice and state-of-the-art with regard to foundation design.The paper describes the needs and objectives for limit states design in Canada, and its development in codes; identifies and describes the primary Canadian Codes; discusses the role of the CFEM and other authoritative references related to these Codes; discusses some of the experiences and challenges encountered in practice during implementation and application of limit states design; and outlines ongoing and proposed code development work, and associated future research needs. The importance of understanding fundamental principles, effective communications between structural and geotechnical engineers, education and training is emphasized. All of these components will be required for successful implementation and acceptance of limit states design for geotechnical aspects of foundation engineering.