Differentiation Patterns of Reproductive Systems in the Genus Trillium
Differentiation Patterns of Reproductive Systems in the Genus Trillium
复制标题
延龄草属生殖系统的分化模式
DOI：
10.1111/j.1442-1984.1990.tb00194.x
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
F. Utech
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ohara;S. Kawano;F. Utech
对延龄草属生殖系统的分化模式，包括繁殖和授粉系统，以及多年生植物的策略进行了深入的研究。不同花卉形态和生态分布的花梗花和无柄花物种的生殖系统模式与其栖息地条件有关。生长在稳定的中温带落叶林中的有梗花物种完全通过种子繁殖，而生长在冲积洪泛平原生境中的无梗花物种在很大程度上依赖营养繁殖，以弥补在生态不稳定条件下的有性繁殖不足，例如，洪水造成的频繁干扰。这些无梗开花物种的特点是胚珠数量少，种子产量低，繁殖力低。与无柄花种相比，花梗直立花种的结实率高达50%以上。对4个日本种的育种试验表明，虽然它们基本上同时具备近交和近交的能力，但它们的高繁殖力水平是由优势近交系统维持的。此外，这些物种种群器官中的资源水平明显决定了繁殖力水平。因此，转移到下一个季节的根茎中的储备食物的数量是确定的，这保证了给定个体植物的持续繁殖活动。
The differentiation patterns of reproductive systems, including breeding and pollination systems, and perennation strategies of the genus Trillium were critically studied. The pedicellate- and sessile-flowered species with different floral morphologies and ecological distributions exhibited distinct modes of reproductive systems in relation to their habitat conditions. The pedicellate-flowered species occurring in stable mesic temperate deciduous forests reproduce exclusively by seeds, while sessile-flowered species growing in the alluvial flood plain habitats depend to a large extent on vegetative reproduction to compensate for the insufficient sexual reproduction under ecologically unstable conditions, e.g., frequent disturbance due to flooding. These sessile-flowered species are characterized by low ovule numbers, subsequent low seed outputs and low fecundity levels. In contrast to the sessile-flowered species, the pedicellate-erect-flowered species showed very high seed setting rates of over 50%. Breeding experiments for four Japanese species suggest that, although they substantially possess the capability of both inbreeding and outbreeding, the high fecundity levels are maintained by predominant inbreeding system. Furthermore, resource levels in the stock organs of these species obviously determine fecundity levels. As a consequence the amount of reserved food in the rhizomes transferred to the next season is determined, which gurantees a continuous reproductive activity of a given individual plant.