Spatio-temporal distribution of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) early life stages in the Pacific Arctic
Spatio-temporal distribution of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) early life stages in the Pacific Arctic
复制标题
北极太平洋极地鳕鱼 (Boreogadus saida) 和藏红花鳕鱼 (Eleginus gracilis) 早期生命阶段的时空分布
作者：
Cathleen D. Vestfals;F. Mueter;J. Duffy‐Anderson;M. Busby;A. De Robertis
北极鳕鱼(Boreogadus Saida)和藏红花鳕鱼(Eleginus Gracilis)是北极海洋生态系统中的关键鱼类，是浮游生物和顶端捕食者之间的重要营养纽带，但我们对它们在阿拉斯加北极的生活史了解非常有限。为了加深我们对其早期生活期(ELs)的了解，我们根据2004至2013年间进行的调查，描述了楚科奇和西部波弗特海预弯幼体到晚期幼体(长达65 mm)的时空分布，并研究了它们的丰度如何随环境因素的变化而变化。不同物种在栖息地的利用上存在差异，极地鳕鱼的分布比藏红花鳕鱼更离岸和更北，后者更靠近近岸，更靠南。在整个采样季节，大部分大陆架都出现了极地鳕鱼的前屈和屈曲幼体，这表明产卵需要几个月的时间，并在多个地点发生，巴罗峡谷可能是一个重要的产卵和/或保留区。极地鳕鱼在中等温度(5.0-6.0℃)下丰富，而藏红花鳕鱼在最高温度时最丰富，这表明藏红花鳕鱼可能受益于北极变暖，而极地鳕鱼可能受到不利影响。这项研究为环境变化如何影响北极太平洋赤潮的分布和丰度提供了新的见解，并促进了我们对这些关键饲料物种在其生命的头几个月所占据的栖息地的理解。
Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) are key fishes in the Arctic marine ecosystem, serving as important trophic links between plankton and apex predators, yet our understanding of their life histories in Alaska’s Arctic is extremely limited. To improve our knowledge about their early life stages (ELS), we described the spatial and temporal distributions of preflexion larvae to late juveniles (to 65 mm in length) in the Chukchi and western Beaufort seas based on surveys conducted between 2004 and 2013, and examined how their abundances varied in response to environmental factors. Species-specific differences in habitat use were found, with polar cod having a more offshore and northern distribution than saffron cod, which were found closer inshore and farther south. Polar cod preflexion and flexion larvae were encountered throughout the sampling season across much of the shelf, which suggests that spawning occurs over several months and at multiple locations, with Barrow Canyon potentially serving as an important spawning and/or retention area. Polar cod ELS were abundant at intermediate temperatures (5.0–6.0 °C), while saffron cod were most abundant at the highest temperatures, which suggests that saffron cod may benefit from a warming Arctic, while polar cod may be adversely affected. This research provides new insights into how environmental variability influences the distribution and abundance of gadids in the Pacific Arctic and advances our understanding of the habitats occupied by these key forage species during their first few months of life.