Operation Performance Test and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems
Operation Performance Test and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102446
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
B. Gao;Xiaoyue Zhu;Yang Xiaojiao;Yanping Yuan;Yu Nan-yang;Jiujian Ni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Gao;Xiaoyue Zhu;Yang Xiaojiao;Yanping Yuan;Yu Nan-yang;Jiujian Ni
地源热泵（GSHP）系统运行不当是造成能源效率低下的重要原因。尽管地源热泵系统在中国日益普及，但在西南和西部地区进行地源热泵系统运行的现场试验较少，缺乏全面的比较研究。本研究对四川、重庆、陕西地区26个地源热泵系统在典型运行条件下的运行性能进行了测试。对系统的性能指标进行了计算和研究，包括热泵和系统的性能系数、水泵的换水系数和系统的能效比。然后根据现有文献和国内有关能效标准对这些参数进行比较分析。据此，从系统设计、施工、运行等方面提出了提高地源热泵系统运行性能的建议。结果表明：在采暖工况下，被测系统的平均性能系数（COP）均小于3.0，不符合国家标准规定的节能运行要求，未能实现地源热泵系统在建筑中节能的初衷。在此基础上，对地源热泵系统的典型问题进行了诊断。具体而言，热泵通常在部分负荷条件下长期低效率运行；输配电系统运行温差小，流量大；房间温度的设置往往不合理。考虑到地面耦合热泵系统的运行性能，建议在中国西部地区使用。
The improper operation of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is a significant cause of poor energy efficiency. Despite the increasing popularity of GSHP systems in China, few field test has been conducted on the operation of GSHP systems in the southwest and western regions of the country, and there is a lack of comprehensive comparative study. This study tested the operation performance of 26 GSHP systems in Sichuan, Chongqing, and Shaanxi under typical operation conditions. The performances indexes of the systems were calculated and investigated, including the coefficients of performance of the heat pump and system, water transfer factor of the water pump, and energy efficiency ratio of the system. These parameters were then compared and analyzed based on existing literature and relevant domestic standards concerning energy efficiency. Accordingly, suggestions were proposed for improving the operation performance of GSHP systems from the aspects of system design, construction, and operation. Results show that the average coefficient of performance (COP) of the tested systems was less than 3.0 under heating conditions, which did not meet the requirements for energy-saving operation stipulated by the national standard and fail to achieve the initial intention of saving energy in buildings by using GSHP systems. Based on the analysis, typical problems were diagnosed in GSHP systems. Specifically, the heat pumps usually operate in part-load conditions and at low efficiency for a long time; the transfer and distribution systems operate with small temperature differences and large flows; and the settings of room temperatures tend to be unreasonable. In view of the operation performance, ground-coupled heat pump (GCHP) systems are recommended for use in the western regions of China.