Psychological Factors Are Important Correlates of Dietary Pattern in Overweight Adults
Psychological Factors Are Important Correlates of Dietary Pattern in Overweight Adults
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DOI：
10.1097/jcn.0b013e3181d25433
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Frediani, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grossniklaus, Daurice A.;Dunbar, Sandra B.;Frediani, Jennifer
引言和目的：腹部肥胖，脂肪组织的中心分布，是一个公认的心脏代谢疾病的危险因素。自1988年以来，患病率稳步上升，现在超过50%的成年人患有腹部肥胖症。心理压力加上饮食能量密度（艾德）增加可能会导致腹部肥胖。本研究以压力与因应模式为指导，探讨心理因素（知觉压力与忧郁症状）与超重职业成人饮食艾德失调的关系。第一个假设检验了心理因素是否解释了人口统计学因素解释的食物和饮料艾德方差的显著性。第二个假设测试，如果心理因素解释了大量的食物和非酒精性饮料艾德方差以上的人口因素。事后分析比较了超重、有抑郁症状和无抑郁症状的工作成年人之间的大量营养素组成和食物组模式。研究方法：这项描述性、横断面、相关性研究由87名超重的在职成年人组成（平均年龄41.3 [SD，10.2]岁;平均体重指数32.1 [SD，6.1] kg/m2; 73.6%为女性; 50.6%为非洲裔美国人）。参与者完成了贝克抑郁量表II和感知压力量表，并对3天的食物记录进行了称重，分析了用于计算艾德（千卡/克）的食物和饮料的热量摄入（千卡）和重量（克）。测量身高和体重，计算体重指数。数据分析采用描述性统计、Mann-Whitney U检验和序贯回归模型。结果如下：21.9%的参与者报告了抑郁症状，并解释了上述非裔美国人种族和报告足够热量摄入的食物和饮料艾德的差异。抑郁症状解释了上述食物和非酒精饮料艾德的差异，解释了男性、非裔美国人种族和报告热量摄入充足。感知压力和抑郁症状呈正相关，但是，感知压力是不是一个显着的预测食物和饮料ED。结论：抑郁症状，潜在的可修改的，是4倍，发现在一般人群中，独立预测增加的食物和饮料ED。需要进一步的研究，以确定是否改善抑郁症状改变饮食艾德，可能降低心脏代谢疾病的风险。
Introduction and Purpose: Abdominal obesity, the central distribution of adipose tissue, is a well-established cardiometabolic disease risk factor. The prevalence has steadily increased since 1988, and now more than 50% of adults have abdominal obesity. Psychological distress coupled with increased dietary energy density (ED) may contribute to abdominal obesity. Guided by the stress and coping model, this study examined the relationship between psychological factors (perceived stress and depressive symptoms) and dietary ED in overweight, working adults. The first hypothesis tested if psychological factors explained a significant amount of food and beverage ED variance above that accounted for by demographic factors. The second hypothesis tested if psychological factors explained a significant amount of food and nonalcoholic beverage ED variance above that accounted for by demographic factors. Post hoc analyses compared macronutrient composition and food group pattern between overweight, working adults with and without depressive symptoms. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional, correlation study was composed of 87 overweight, working adults (mean age, 41.3 [SD, 10.2] years; mean body mass index, 32.1 [SD, 6.1] kg/m(2); 73.6% women; 50.6% African American). Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory II and Perceived Stress Scale and weighed-3-day-food record analyzed for caloric intake (kilocalories) and weight (in grams) of consumed foods and beverages that were used to calculate ED (in kilocalories/gram). Height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and sequential regression modeling were used for data analysis. Results: Depressive symptoms were reported by 21.9% of participants and explained variance in food and beverage ED above that accounted for by African American race and reporting adequate caloric intake. Depressive symptoms explained variance in food and nonalcoholic beverage ED above that accounted for male sex, African American race, and reporting adequate caloric intake. Perceived stress and depressive symptoms were positively correlated; however, perceived stress was not a significant predictor of food and beverage ED. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms, potentially modifiable, were 4 times that found in the general population and independently predicted increased food and beverage ED. Further research is needed to determine if improvements in depressive symptoms alter dietary ED, potentially reducing cardiometabolic disease risk.