The lifetime impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).
The lifetime impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).
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DOI：
10.1017/s003329171100153x
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发表时间：
2012-04
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Blanco, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernardi, S.;Faraone, S. V.;Cortese, S.;Kerridge, B. T.;Pallanti, S.;Wang, S.;Blanco, C.
介绍了美国注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与精神病合并症、相关因素、生活质量和寻求治疗之间终生独立关联的全国代表性数据。数据来自美国人口的大型全国样本。2004-2005年期间，对34 000多名18岁以上的成年人进行了面对面调查。ADHD、轴I和轴II障碍的诊断基于酒精使用障碍和相关残疾访谈计划-DSM-IV版本。ADHD与双相情感障碍、广泛性焦虑障碍、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、特定恐怖症、自恋型、表演型、边缘型、反社会型和典型人格障碍的风险增加独立相关。ADHD的终身病史也与参与缺乏计划和抑制控制缺陷的行为的风险增加有关，不良事件发生率高，感知健康，社会支持和感知压力较低。只有不到一半的ADHD患者曾经寻求过治疗，大约四分之一的人曾经接受过药物治疗。首次治疗接触的平均年龄为18.40岁。ADHD是常见的，并与广泛的精神障碍，冲动行为，更多的创伤，生活质量较低，感知社会支持和社会功能，即使在调整额外的合并症。当寻求治疗时，通常是在青春期后期或成年早期，这表明需要改善ADHD的诊断和治疗。
To presents nationally representative data on the lifetime independent association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and psychiatric comorbidity, correlates, quality of life and treatment-seeking in the United States. Data were derived from a large national sample of the US population. Face-to-face surveys of more than 34,000 adults ages 18 years and older residing in households were conducted during the 2004-2005 period. Diagnoses of ADHD, axis I and II disorders were based on the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV Version. ADHD was associated independently of the effects of other psychiatric comorbidity with increased risk of bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specific phobia and, narcissistic, histrionic, borderline, antisocial, and schizotypal personality disorders. A lifetime history of ADHD was also associated with increased risk of engaging in behaviors reflecting lack of planning and deficient inhibitory control, with high rates of adverse events, lower perceived health, social support and higher perceived stress. Fewer than half of individuals with ADHD had ever sought treatment, and about one quarter had ever received medication. The average age of first treatment contact was 18.40 years. ADHD is common and associated with a broad range of psychiatric disorders, impulsive behaviors, greater number of number of traumas, lower quality of life, perceived social support and social functioning, even after adjusting for additional comorbidity. When treatment is sought, it is often in late adolescence or early adulthood, suggesting the need to improve diagnosis and treatment of ADHD.