Multiple ways to prevent transmission of paternal mitochondrial DNA for maternal inheritance in animals
Multiple ways to prevent transmission of paternal mitochondrial DNA for maternal inheritance in animals
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DOI：
10.1093/jb/mvx052
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发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ken Sato;Miyuki Sato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ken Sato;Miyuki Sato
线粒体含有它们自己的DNA(MtDNA)。在大多数有性生殖生物体中，线粒体DNA是母系(单亲)遗传的；这种类型的遗传因此被称为“母系(单亲)遗传”。最近的研究揭示了防止精子来源的父系mtDNA传递给后代的各种机制，从而确保mtDNA的母系遗传。在线虫中，父亲的线粒体及其线粒体在受精后几乎立即退化，并通过自噬选择性地降解，这被称为异噬(异体[非自身]细胞器自噬)。在果蝇中，父亲的mtDNA在很大程度上是通过内切酶G介导的机制消除的。受精后，父亲的线粒体随后通过内吞和自噬途径被移除。在包括人类在内的许多哺乳动物中，父亲的线粒体进入受精卵。然而，父系线粒体及其线粒体DNA在哺乳动物中的命运仍然是一个有争议的问题。在这篇综述中，我们将对防止父亲线粒体DNA传递的分子机制的最新知识进行综述，以确保母亲在动物中的线粒体DNA遗传。
Mitochondria contain their own DNA (mtDNA). In most sexually reproducing organisms, mtDNA is inherited maternally (uniparentally); this type of inheritance is thus referred to as 'maternal (uniparental) inheritance'. Recent studies have revealed various mechanisms to prevent the transmission of sperm-derived paternal mtDNA to the offspring, thereby ensuring maternal inheritance of mtDNA. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, paternal mitochondria and their mtDNA degenerate almost immediately after fertilization and are selectively degraded by autophagy, which is referred to as 'allophagy' (allogeneic [non-self] organelle autophagy). In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, paternal mtDNA is largely eliminated by an endonuclease G-mediated mechanism. Paternal mitochondria are subsequently removed by endocytic and autophagic pathways after fertilization. In many mammals, including humans, paternal mitochondria enter fertilized eggs. However, the fate of paternal mitochondria and their mtDNA in mammals is still a matter of debate. In this review, we will summarize recent knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying the prevention of paternal mtDNA transmission, which ensures maternal mtDNA inheritance in animals.