Hybrid biomembrane-functionalized nanorobots for concurrent removal of pathogenic bacteria and toxins
Hybrid biomembrane-functionalized nanorobots for concurrent removal of pathogenic bacteria and toxins
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DOI：
10.1126/scirobotics.aat0485
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发表时间：
2018-05-30
期刊：
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Wang, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Avila, Berta Esteban-Fernandez;Angsantikul, Pavimol;Wang, Joseph
随着机器人研究的快速发展，开发将生物学原理转化为机器人系统的仿生微纳米机器人变得越来越有趣和重要。我们报道了一种双细胞膜功能化纳米机器人的设计、构建和评估，用于多用途去除生物威胁剂，特别是同时靶向和中和致病菌和毒素。具体来说，我们展示了超声波推进的仿生纳米机器人，由覆盖着红细胞（RBC）膜和血小板（PL）膜的金纳米线组成。这种杂交细胞膜具有多种与人类红细胞和PLs相关的功能蛋白，这赋予纳米机器人许多有吸引力的生物学能力，包括粘附和结合pl粘附病原体（例如，金黄色葡萄球菌细菌）和中和形成孔的毒素（例如，α -毒素）。此外，仿生纳米机器人在全血中表现出快速有效的长时间声推进，没有明显的生物污垢，并模仿了自然运动细胞的运动。这种推进力增强了机器人对病原体和毒素的结合和解毒效率。总之，将混合细胞膜的这些不同生物功能与纳米机器人的无燃料推进相结合，形成了一个动态的机器人系统，可以有效地隔离和同时去除不同的生物威胁，这是创建广谱解毒机器人平台的重要一步。
With the rapid advancement of robotic research, it becomes increasingly interesting and important to develop biomimetic micro- or nanorobots that translate biological principles into robotic systems. We report the design, construction, and evaluation of a dual-cell membrane-functionalized nanorobot for multipurpose removal of biological threat agents, particularly concurrent targeting and neutralization of pathogenic bacteria and toxins. Specifically, we demonstrated ultrasound-propelled biomimetic nanorobots consisting of gold nanowires cloaked with a hybrid of red blood cell (RBC) membranes and platelet (PL) membranes. Such hybrid cell membranes have a variety of functional proteins associated with human RBCs and PLs, which give the nanorobots a number of attractive biological capabilities, including adhesion and binding to PL-adhering pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus bacteria) and neutralization of pore-forming toxins (e.g., alpha-toxin). In addition, the biomimetic nanorobots displayed rapid and efficient prolonged acoustic propulsion in whole blood, with no apparent biofouling, and mimicked the movement of natural motile cells. This propulsion enhanced the binding and detoxification efficiency of the robots against pathogens and toxins. Overall, coupling these diverse biological functions of hybrid cell membranes with the fuel-free propulsion of the nanorobots resulted in a dynamic robotic system for efficient isolation and simultaneous removal of different biological threats, an important step toward the creation of a broad-spectrum detoxification robotic platform.