The relative effects of inbreeding and outbreeding on reproduction in the domestic fowl

The relative effects of inbreeding and outbreeding on reproduction in the domestic fowl
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近交和远交对家禽繁殖的相对影响

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发表时间：
1951
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. A. Gunns
C. A. Gunns
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
P. Bernier;L. W. Taylor;C. A. Gunns

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本研究探讨了近交和远交对繁殖的相对影响， 家禽是根据两年来对母鸡三次交配的观察而确定的 具有近亲繁殖、远系繁殖和杂交的起源。(P.（第529段）在众多关系中， 根据这些观察结果建立并在以下几页中报告的数据， 关于近亲繁殖和远系繁殖的研究表明： 繁殖系统对育性有间接影响，但无直接影响。近亲繁殖的母鸡 起源肯定是不太肥沃比那些远系繁殖的起源，无论 与之交配的雄性的种类(P.（第535页） 孵化率随着远交雌性的近亲繁殖而降低（F = 0至F = .25），但没有降低 与近亲繁殖的雌性进一步交配。近交系雌性的孵化率较低 无论采用何种交配制度，远交雌鼠的交配次数都比远交雌鼠多，但差异不具有统计学意义。 显著(P.（第547页） 未孵育卵的平均胚盘直径和孵育38小时后的胚胎体节数分别为 在近亲繁殖下比远交繁殖小，在异交繁殖下比杂交繁殖大。 (P.（第560页） 观察到的一般生育力孵化率的关系没有改变的起源或遗传关系，或交配系统。密切 近亲交配的鸟类与远交的起源表现出负相关， 生育力和孵化率，支持生育力与 孵化率(P.（第611段）
This study of the relative effects of inbreeding and outbreeding on reproduction in the domestic fowl is based on two years’ observations of triallel matings of hens having an inbred, outbred, and crossbred origin. (P. 529.) Among the many relations established by these observations and reported in the following pages, the data with respect to inbreeding and outbreeding show that: Fertility was influenced indirectly but not directly by the breeding system. Hens of an inbred origin were definitely less fertile than those of an outbred origin, irrespective of the kind of male to which they were mated. (P. 535.) Hatchability decreased with inbreeding of outbred females (F = 0 to F = .25) but did not decrease with further inbreeding of inbred females. Inbred females showed lower hatchability than outbred females whatever the system of mating, but the difference was not statistically significant. (P. 547.) Mean blastoderm diameter of unincubated eggs and number of somites in embryos after 38 hours incubation were smaller under inbreeding than outbreeding, and greater under outcrossing than crossbreeding. (P. 560.) The general fertility-hatchability relationship observed was not altered by origin or genetic relation, or by system of mating. Closely inbred matings of birds with an outbred origin showed a negative correlation between fertility and hatchability which supports the view that fertility is distinct from hatchability. (P. 611.)