Productive, physiological and immunological responses of two broiler strains fed different dietary regimens and exposed to heat stress
Productive, physiological and immunological responses of two broiler strains fed different dietary regimens and exposed to heat stress
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DOI：
10.1080/1828051x.2017.1416961
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Elnaggar, Asmaa Sh.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Attia, Youssef A.;Al-Harthi, Mohammed A.;Elnaggar, Asmaa Sh.
使用 Ross-308 和 Cobb-500 菌株研究了饮食方案对生产性状、肉质、生理适应、免疫反应和营养物质消化率的影响。在大部分实验期间，鸡在正常育雏条件下饲养，但暴露于热应激[(HS)； 32℃和55%RH]在20-22和28-30天龄期间。在 1-18 日龄期间，肉鸡饲喂标准蛋白质日粮 [(SPD)； 22%粗蛋白（CP）12.97MJ/kg]，高蛋白饮食[（HPD）； 24% CP，12.97MJ/kg]，或高蛋白高代谢能 (ME) 饮食 [(HPMED)； 24% CP，13.60MJ/kg]。 19～35日龄期间，SPD组饲喂20%CP，13.42MJ/kg，HPD组饲喂22%CP，13.42MJ/kg，HPMED组饲喂22%CP，14.06MJ/kg。每个品系的每个组都重复六次，每组有五只雄性鸡。在整个实验期间，饲喂 HPMED 的 Ross 和 Cobb 鸡表现出比饲喂 HPD 的鸡更高的体重。与饲喂 SPD 的肉鸡相比，饲喂 HPMED 的肉鸡的 FCR 有所提高，与肉鸡品系无关。此外，与肉鸡品系无关，与其他方案相比，HPMED 方案增加了肉的干物质、蛋白质和脂质含量，与 HPD 方案相比，降低了泄殖腔温度、呼吸速率和异嗜细胞/淋巴细胞（H/L 比）。与Cobb相比，Ross的生长和饲料利用率、胸腺百分比、肉中蛋白质有所提高，但腹部脂肪、肉脂和pH值降低。另一方面，HPD 上的 Cobb 比 Ross 品系具有更低的泄殖腔温度和呼吸速率，这表明肉鸡的生产、生理和免疫反应取决于每个品系特定的饲喂方案。
The impact of dietary regimens on productive traits, meat quality, physiological adoption, immunological response and digestibility of nutrients was studied using Ross-308 and Cobb-500 strains. Chickens were reared under normal brooding conditions during most of the experimental period, but exposed to heat stress [(HS); 32 degrees C and 55% RH] during 20-22 and 28-30 d of age. During 1-18 d of age, broilers were fed a standard-protein diet [(SPD); 22% crude protein (CP) with 12.97MJ/kg], a high-protein diet [(HPD); 24% CP with 12.97MJ/kg], or a high-protein with high-metabolisable energy (ME) diet [(HPMED); 24% CP with 13.60MJ/kg]. During 19-35 d of age, the SPD group was fed 20% CP with 13.42MJ/kg, the HPD group was fed 22% CP with 13.42MJ/kg, and the HPMED group was fed 22% CP with 14.06MJ/kg. Each group within each strain was replicated six times with five chicken males each. For the whole experimental period, Ross and Cobb chickens fed the HPMED showed higher BWG than chickens on the HPD. Broilers fed the HPMED had improved FCR compared to those on the SPD, independent of broiler strain. Further, independent of broiler strain, the HPMED regimen increased the dry matter, protein, and lipid contents of meat compared to the other regimens, and decreased cloacal temperature, respiration rate and Heterophile/lymphocyte (H/L ratio) compared to the HPD regimen. Growth and feed utilisation, percentage thymus, protein in meat were improved of Ross compared to Cobb, but abdominal fat, meat lipid and pH were decreased. On the other hand, Cobb on HPD had lower cloacal temperature and respiration rate than Ross strain, suggesting that production, physiology and immunological response of broiler chickens depend on feeding regimen that should be specific for each strain.