Land use type, forest cover and forest edges modulate avian cross-habitat spillover
Land use type, forest cover and forest edges modulate avian cross-habitat spillover
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.13032
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Metzger, Jean Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boesing, Andrea Larissa;Nichols, Elizabeth;Metzger, Jean Paul
1.与农业区相邻的自然生境往往被认为是物种的来源，通过跨生境溢出提供有益的调节生态系统服务。生境间基质和景观配置都可以通过控制生物在景观中扩散的能力来影响溢出，并影响影响生物生存的额外或补充资源的提供.为了了解基质土地利用类型，森林覆盖和边缘密度方面的景观结构如何促进鸟类跨栖息地溢出，我们在森林斑块和邻近土地利用类型（咖啡种植园或牛牧场）中对鸟类群落进行了采样，采用了一种重复性很好的研究设计，在92个采样点上跨越了森林覆盖梯度（6%-60%）。土地利用类型是影响鸟类跨生境溢出的一个关键因素，促进物种迁移到咖啡种植园，并作为溢出到牛牧场的障碍。我们发现，24%的森林依赖物种库能够溢出到咖啡种植园，而溢出几乎不存在于牛牧场。森林覆盖率也是咖啡种植园蔓延的主要驱动力。森林覆盖率与生态溢出之间存在正相关关系，这可能是由于斑块内生物密度较高、斑块间隔离度降低、有利于物种迁移和景观补充作用增强等过程的影响.最后，我们发现边缘密度与森林覆盖对溢出的加和效应。在具有许多森林基质边缘的高森林景观中，溢出效应较高，这可能是由于能够通过边缘移动的物种的结构连接性增加，以及森林居住物种获得不同资源类型的机会增加（互补过程）。合成与应用。我们表明，土地利用类型是一个关键因素，促进物种溢出到农业矩阵和土地利用类型的溢出的影响进一步调制的原生栖息地数量和边缘密度的组合。在设计或管理可持续农业景观时应考虑这些结果，以提高鸟类的持久性和提供鸟类介导的生态系统服务。
1. Natural habitats adjacent to agricultural areas are often considered sources of species that provide beneficial regulating ecosystem services through cross-habitat spillover. Both inter-habitat matrix and landscape configuration can influence spillover by controlling organismal ability to disperse through landscapes, and affecting the provision of additional or supplementary resources that impact organism survival.2. To understand how landscape structure in terms of matrix land use type, forest cover and edge density might facilitate avian cross-habitat spillover, we sampled avian communities in forest patches and adjacent land use types (coffee plantations or cattle pastures) using a well-replicated study design across 92 sampling sites across a landscape-context forest cover gradient (6%-60%).3. Land use type was a key factor influencing avian cross-habitat spillover, facilitating species movement into coffee plantations and acting as a barrier to spillover into cattle pastures. We found that 24% of the forest-dependent species pool was capable of spillover into coffee plantations, while spillover was nearly non-existent in cattle pastures.4. Forest cover was also the main driver of spillover into coffee plantations. There was a positive relationship between forest cover and spillover, potentially due to processes related with (1) a higher density of organism in-patches, (2) decreased isolation among patches facilitating species movement and (3) higher landscape supplementation processes.5. Finally, we found edge density had an additive effect with forest cover on spillover. Spillover was higher in high-forested landscapes with many forest-matrix edges, possibly due to increased structural connectivity for species able to move through edges, and to improved access for forest-dwelling species to different resource types (complementation processes).6. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate that land use type is a key factor facilitating species spillover into agricultural matrices and that the influence of land use type on spillover is further modulated by a combination of native habitat amount and edge density. These results should be considered in efforts to design or manage sustainable agricultural landscapes in order to enhance both bird persistence and the provision of bird-mediated ecosystem services.