Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of pupillary dilation during sustained processing
Sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of pupillary dilation during sustained processing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2003.12.005
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Pless, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinhauer, SR;Siegle, GJ;Pless, M
通过环境和药理学操作，研究了在持续的处理任务中交感神经和副交感神经通路对瞳孔扩张的不同作用。在实验1中，22名健康志愿者（11名女性）进行连续减7任务，同时在适度的室内光线和黑暗环境下记录瞳孔直径。为了控制言语表达，受试者进行较简单的加1任务。在所有条件下，与言语表达前的基线期相比，反应期间的瞳孔直径显著增大。困难任务时瞳孔扩张增大，且在有光环境下记录时扩张进一步增加。这表明通过抑制副交感神经通路对任务难度有主要的差异性影响。在实验2中，12名志愿者（7名女性）组成的一个亚组在另外三个阶段重复所有条件，其中一只眼睛分别滴入托吡卡胺（阻断副交感神经括约肌）、达哌唑（阻断交感神经扩张肌）或安慰剂。在任务执行过程中，所有药理学条件都导致整体瞳孔扩张。只有在达哌唑条件下，当副交感神经激活完好时，才出现与安慰剂条件相似的不同表现。研究结果表明，在困难任务中的持续表现是由动眼神经核处皮质对副交感神经通路的抑制所调节的。此外，观察到环境光强度的调节以及对最终瞳孔肌肉组织的药理学阻断，为量化可识别的中枢自主神经通路的活动提供了趋同的方法。（C）2003爱思唯尔公司。版权所有。
The contributions of separate sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways to pupillary dilation during a sustained processing task were studied through environmental and pharmacological manipulations. In Experiment 1, 22 healthy volunteers (11 female) performed a serial Subtract 7 task while pupil diameter was recorded both during moderate room light and in darkness. In a control for verbalization, subjects performed an easier Add I task. In all conditions, pupil diameter increased significantly during the response period as compared to a pre-verbalization baseline period. Pupillary dilation was increased for the difficult task, and further increase in dilation was associated with recording in light. This suggests a major differential contribution to task difficulty mediated through inhibition of the parasympathetic pathway. In Experiment 2, a subgroup of 12 volunteers (seven female) repeated all conditions at three additional sessions in which one eye was instilled with tropicamide (to block the parasympathetic sphincter muscle), dapiprazole (to block the sympathetic dilator muscle) or placebo. All pharmacological conditions resulted in overall dilation during task performance. Differential performance similar to the placebo condition was seen only in the dapiprazole condition, when parasympathetic activation was intact. The findings suggest that sustained performance during a difficult task is modulated by cortical inhibition of the parasympathetic pathway at the oculomotor nucleus. Moreover, modulation of both ambient light intensity and pharmacological blockade of the final pupillary musculature were observed to provide converging approaches for quantifying the activity of identifiable central autonomic pathways. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.