Modulation of immunogenicity and antigenicity of proteins by maleylation to target scavenger receptors on macrophages.
Modulation of immunogenicity and antigenicity of proteins by maleylation to target scavenger receptors on macrophages.
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通过马来酰化作用靶向巨噬细胞上的清道夫受体来调节蛋白质的免疫原性和抗原性。
DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.154.1.1
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发表时间:
1995
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
S. Rath
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
R. Abraham;Nagendra Singh;A. Mukhopadhyay;S. Basu;V. Bal;S. Rath
We have maleylated proteins to target macrophage-specific scavenger receptors and have used this system to study changes in the epitopes and immunogenicity of such proteins. We show that maleylation of diphtheria toxoid (DT) induces targeting to macrophage scavenger receptors and enhances its immunogenicity. DT does not evoke detectable serum Ab responses upon injection as soluble protein. However, maleylated DT (mDT) does generate a significant Ab response. Furthermore, immunization with soluble mDT leads to a better T cell proliferative response in vitro than immunization with DT can generate, thereby demonstrating that maleylation leads to enhanced T cell immunogenicity in vivo. We also find that maleylation disrupts the native B cell epitopes of DT and creates new epitopes, because antisera to DT and mDT do not cross-react. At least some of the new epitopes generated are maleylation specific, because antisera against various maleylated proteins do cross-react. In contrast, maleylation does not significantly modify the repertoire of T cell epitopes generated from DT, because T cells generated by either DT or mDT immunization are cross-reactive, and both DT and mDT can stimulate T cells that are specific for single synthetic DT peptide. Maleylated proteins are better presented in vitro than are their native counterparts, and this enhancement of presentation is blocked by unrelated maleylated proteins. These results suggest that Ags targeted to scavenger receptors on macrophages by maleylation are better presented to T cells and are immunogenic in vivo without adjuvant.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
1981
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Ziegler,K;Unanue,ER
通讯作者:
Unanue,ER
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.91.1.18
发表时间:
1994-01
影响因子:
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作者:
P. Velupillai;D. Harn
通讯作者:
P. Velupillai;D. Harn
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2005
影响因子:
11.1
作者:
Gilberto R. Sambrano;D. Steinberg
通讯作者:
Gilberto R. Sambrano;D. Steinberg
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1993
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
作者:
Wang,IM;Mehta,V;Cook,RG
通讯作者:
Cook,RG
DOI:
10.1016/0923-2494(96)89642-8
发表时间:
1996
期刊:
Research in immunology
影响因子:
--
作者:
Stroynowski,I;Tabaczewski,P
通讯作者:
Tabaczewski,P