HIV prevalence and risks among injection and noninjection drug users in northern Thailand: Need for comprehensive HIV prevention programs
HIV prevalence and risks among injection and noninjection drug users in northern Thailand: Need for comprehensive HIV prevention programs
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DOI：
10.1097/00126334-200306010-00023
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Celentano, DD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Razak, MH;Jittiwutikarn, J;Celentano, DD
作者试图确定金三角附近泰国北部吸毒者感染艾滋病毒的社会人口统计学、性和吸毒风险因素。作者招募了在泰国北部的一个治疗中心接受住院药物戒毒治疗的患者，并通过访谈者填写的问卷和血清采集以及艾滋病毒检测前和检测后咨询来研究艾滋病毒风险和患病率。 1999年2月1日至2000年1月31日期间，1865名因鸦片和甲基苯丙胺依赖入院的患者完成了研究程序。 HIV 总体患病率为 10.3%：513 名注射吸毒者 (IDU) 中为 30.0%，非 IDU 中为 2.8%（OR = 14.8，95% CI：10.2，21.6）。单纯甲基苯丙胺吸食者（其中 98% 为非吸毒者）的艾滋病毒血清阳性率为 2.4%，鸦片吸食者的艾滋病毒血清阳性率为 3.4%。注射吸毒是多变量模型中的主要危险因素。尽管泰国被广泛认为对异性恋艾滋病毒流行采取了成功的国家应对措施，但注射吸毒者的血清阳性率仍然很高。尽管吸毒治疗中心收治的非注射吸毒者人数急剧增加，但泰国北部注射吸毒者的艾滋病毒感染率和风险仍然很高。艾滋病毒预防运动需要以注射吸毒者为重点，并实施减少危害战略，以减少注射吸毒者的传播，并进一步遏制泰国的艾滋病毒流行。
The authors sought to determine sociodemographic and sexual and drug use risk factors for HIV infection among drug users in northern Thailand adjacent to the Golden Triangle. The authors enrolled patients admitted for inpatient drug detoxification at one treatment center in northern Thailand and studied HIV risks and prevalence using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and serum collection with HIV pretest and posttest counseling. Between February 1, 1999 and January 31, 2000, 1865 patients admitted for opiate and methamphetamine dependence completed study procedures. Overall HIV prevalence was 10.3%: 30.0% among 513 injection drug users (IDUs) and 2.8% among non-IDUs (OR = 14.8, 95% CI: 10.2, 21.6). HIV seroprevalence was 2.4% among exclusive methamphetamine users (98% of whom are non-IDUs) and 3.4% among opium smokers. Injection drug use was the dominant risk factor in multivariate models. Although Thailand is widely recognized as having a successful national response to the heterosexual HIV epidemic, seroprevalence in IDUs remains high. Despite a sharp increase of non-IDUs admitted to the drug treatment center, HIV infection and risks remained high among IDUs in northern Thailand. HIV prevention campaigns need to focus on IDUs and to implement harm reduction strategies to reduce transmission to IDUs and further contain the HIV epidemic in Thailand.