Plio-Pleistocene environments of Bed I and Lower Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
Plio-Pleistocene environments of Bed I and Lower Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
复制标题
坦桑尼亚奥杜瓦伊峡谷上床层 I 和下层床 II 的上更新世环境
DOI：
10.1016/0031-0182(84)90043-9
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jack Kappelman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jack Kappelman
坦桑尼亚奥杜瓦伊峡谷的上新世-更新世沉积物以记录了人类的进化和早期人类生活的古环境而闻名。本文调查了奥杜威第一层和第二下层的古生境重建，并以牛科动物部落作为生境指标进行了分析。根据牛科动物的栖息地推断进行了比较与古环境重建的微型哺乳动物，花粉剖面，同位素地球化学和地质学的研究。这些不同的栖息地指标相互印证密切关于这两种栖息地的存在和推断的栖息地变化的时间。栖息地类型的一般协议似乎提出特别强有力的支持，古生态重建的床I和下层II。古生境从封闭的林地或森林到开放的林地和草地的混合物，再到开放的草地。随着时间的推移，古栖息地的模式支持气候趋向于更干旱的想法，但间歇性地转向更潮湿的条件。奥杜威盆地的上新世-更新世气候历史可能有助于了解东非气候的演变。
The Plio-Pleistocene sediments of Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, are well known for their records of both hominid evolution and the paleoenvironments where these early hominids lived. This paper investigates the paleohabitat reconstructions of Bed I and Lower Bed II of Olduvai and provides an analysis using bovid tribes as habitat indicators. The habitat inferences based upon the bovids are compared with paleoenvironmental reconstructions from studies of the micromammals, pollen profiles, isotope geochemistry, and geology. These various habitat indicators are shown to corroborate each other closely with regard to both the kind of habitat present and the timing of inferred habitat change. The general agreement on habitat types appears to present especially strong support for the paleoecological reconstructions of Bed I and Lower Bed II. Paleohabitats ranged from closed woodland or forest to a mixture of open woodland and grassland to open grassland. The pattern of paleohabitats through time supports the idea of a climatic trend towards greater aridity, but with intermittent shifts to more humid conditions. The Plio-Pleistocene climatic history of the Olduvai basin may prove useful in understanding the evolution of East Africa climates.