Three major pathologic processes caused by light in the primate retina: a search for mechanisms.
Three major pathologic processes caused by light in the primate retina: a search for mechanisms.
复制标题
光在灵长类动物视网膜中引起的三个主要病理过程：寻找机制。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Lawwill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Lawwill
环境光对人类的正面和负面影响已经存在了很长时间。即使是原始人也不能忽视皮肤晒伤的直接影响。太阳射线的长期影响，致癌作用，最初是通过联想被怀疑的，后来被证实为科学事实。“这一事实现在支持了当今对阳光改变细胞增殖机制的大量研究工作。可能的机制包括直接的脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）损伤，改变细胞核中的遗传密码，2抑制免疫或细胞遗传修复系统，或两者兼而有之，但机制尚不清楚。并且可以预期光谱的每个部分通过不同的机制组合产生其效果。也有许多关于光对眼睛的生理和病理影响的研究。暴露于各种光源对眼睛造成的影响是基于不同的机制组合，每个机制都是波长，强度和时间依赖性的。众所周知，角膜易受紫外线波长引起的“晒伤”，而可见光波长可到达视网膜，较长波长的红外线能量可加热眼睛，特别是虹膜和透镜，有时会导致晶状体改变。4到达眼睛视网膜的光引起的损伤也取决于波长和时间强度。视网膜损伤已经
BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL LIGHT ON THE human have been known to exist for ages. The immediate effect of sunburn of the skin could not be missed even by primitive people. A longterm effect of the sun's rays, carcinogenesis, was first suspected by association and later verified as a scientific fact.' The fact now supports a large present-day research effort into the mechanism by which sunlight modifies cell multiplication. The possible mechanisms range from direct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, changing genetic code in the nucleus of the cell,2 to suppression of the immune or cellular genetic repair system, or both, by an as yet unknown mechanism.3 Negative biologic effects have been traced to various portions of the visible and ultraviolet spectrum, and each portion of the spectrum might be expected to produce its effect by a different combination of mechanisms. There have also been a multitude of studies of physiologic and pathologic effects of light upon the eye. The effects upon the eye caused by exposure to various light sources are based on a varied combination of mechanisms, each of which are wavelength-, intensity-, and time-dependent. It is well known that the cornea is subject to "sunburn," which is caused by the ultraviolet wavelengths, while the visible wavelengths reach the retina and the longer wavelength infrared energy can heat the eye, particularly the iris and lens, sometimes causing lenticular changes.4 Damage caused by light that reaches the retina of the eye is also wavelength and time-intensity dependent. Retinal damage has been