Imidacloprid Inhibits Behavioral Defences of the Leaf-Cutting Ant Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Imidacloprid Inhibits Behavioral Defences of the Leaf-Cutting Ant Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
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DOI：
10.1007/s10905-012-9328-6
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Samuels, Richard Ian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galvanho, Jefferson P.;Carrera, Marinete P.;Samuels, Richard Ian
切叶蚁已经进化出一系列的防御策略，这使得昆虫病原体的控制变得复杂。这些行为策略之一是自我梳理，当蚂蚁检测到它们的珠被上存在真菌分生孢子时，这种行为会增加。我们以前已经表明，杀虫剂，在超低浓度下使用时，可以是昆虫病原真菌的增效剂。某些杀虫剂可能会改变蚂蚁的行为，从而增加真菌感染的机会。研究了烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉（Imidacloprid，IMI）和昆虫病原真菌球孢白僵菌（Beauveria bassiana）单独或联合作用对拟步纹蚁（Acromrymex submandeus submandeus）工蚁自我理毛和运动行为的影响。最初，10，20和40纳克/昆虫IMI局部施用给工蚁。给药后4小时，将蚂蚁置于实验竞技场中，记录自我梳理和运动行为10分钟。将各组蚂蚁暴露于浸渍有分生孢子悬浮液的滤纸盘，4小时后监测它们的行为10分钟。立即暴露于真菌悬浮液，4小时后监测它们的行为。当与媒介物、20 ng和40 ng IMI处理相比时，10 ng/昆虫IMI处理导致更高的运动活动和更低的自我梳理。暴露于真菌分生孢子产生低运动和高自我梳理行为。10 ng IMI +真菌分生孢子处理导致较低的自我梳理和较高的运动行为。低浓度的IMI引起的这些变化可能会增加蚂蚁对昆虫病原真菌感染的敏感性，因此对未来开发综合害虫管理策略的测试感兴趣。
Leaf-cutting ants have evolved a range of defensive strategies which complicate the use of entomopathogens for their control. One of these behavioral strategies is self-grooming, which increases when ants detect the presence of fungal conidia on their integuments. We have previously shown that insecticides, when used at ultra-low concentrations, can be synergists of entomopathogenic fungi. It is possible that certain insecticides could modify ant behavior in a way that increases the chances of a fungal infection taking hold. The current study investigated the effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide Imidacloprid (IMI) and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana on self-grooming and locomotion behavior of Acromrymex subterraneus subterraneus workers when ants were exposed to the agents separately or together. Initially 10, 20 and 40 ng/insect IMI was topically administered to worker ants. Four hours after administration, the ants were placed into an experimental arena and self-grooming and locomotion behaviors were recorded for 10 min. Separate groups of ants were exposed to filter paper discs impregnated with conidial suspensions and 4 h later their behavior was monitored for 10 min. Subsequently, ants were treated with 10 ng/insect IMI, immediately exposed to fungal suspensions and 4 h later their behavior was monitored. The 10 ng/insect IMI treatment resulted in higher locomotor activity and lower self-grooming when compared to vehicle, 20 ng and 40 ng IMI treatments. Exposure to fungal conidia produced low locomotion and high self-grooming behaviors. The 10 ng IMI + fungal conidia treatment resulted in lower self-grooming and higher locomotion behavior. These alterations caused by a low concentration of IMI could increase ant susceptibility to infection by entomopathogenic fungi and are thus of interest for future tests in the development of integrated pest management strategies.