Posterior-Anterior Brain Maturation Reflected in Perceptual, Motor and Cognitive Performance
Posterior-Anterior Brain Maturation Reflected in Perceptual, Motor and Cognitive Performance
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00674
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发表时间：
2017-05-02
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kovacs, Ilona
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gervan, Patrcia;Soltesz, Peter;Kovacs, Ilona
根据几个死后形态测量和在体成像研究，它已被假定，大脑的成熟大致遵循尾向喙的方向。在这项研究中，我们将这种成熟模式与心理功能联系起来，采用了一系列成熟的行为任务。我们解决了三个不同的功能和大脑区域的感知（轮廓整合，CI），运动（手指敲击，FT），和执行控制（Navon全球-本地）任务。我们的目的是调查依赖于初级视觉皮层（V1）在CI的基本视觉整合功能，运动协调功能相关的初级运动皮层（M1）在FT，和执行控制组件，切换，相关的背外侧前额叶区域的大脑Navon任务。招募了122名年龄在10至20岁之间的志愿受试者参与本研究（女性n = 63，男性n = 59）。采用传统的统计方法，我们发现10岁和12岁的奥尔兹在所有三项任务中的表现都明显弱于20岁的奥尔兹。在CI和Navon全球-本地任务中，即使是14岁的孩子也比成年人表现得差。我们还通过在我们的数据流上拟合S形曲线来研究发展轨迹。三种任务的发展轨迹分析表明，在出现的发展功能与视觉CI任务（V1）的最早的发展，其次是在FT任务（M1）的运动发展，和认知发展的Navon全球-本地任务（DLPC）是最慢的。在FT任务中也存在性别差异，表明女孩在运动领域的成熟较早。
Based on several postmortem morphometric and in vivo imaging studies it has been postulated that brain maturation roughly follows a caudal to rostral direction. In this study, we linked this maturational pattern to psychological function employing a series of well-established behavioral tasks. We addressed three distinct functions and brain regions with a perceptual (contour integration, CI), motor (finger tapping, FT), and executive control (Navon global-local) task. Our purpose was to investigate basic visual integration functions relying on primary visual cortex (V1) in CI; motor coordination function related to primary motor cortex (M1) in FT, and the executive control component, switching, related to the dorsolateral prefrontal region of the brain in the Navon task. 122 volunteer subjects were recruited to participate in this study between the ages of 10 and 20 (females n = 63, males n = 59). Employing conventional statistical methods, we found that 10 and 12 year olds are performing significantly weaker than 20 year olds in all three tasks. In the CI and Navon global-local tasks, even 14 years old perform poorer than adults. We have also investigated the developmental trajectories by fitting sigmoid curves on our data streams. The analysis of the developmental trajectories of the three tasks showed a posterior to anterior pattern in the emergence of the developmental functions with the earliest development in the visual CI task (V1), followed by motor development in the FT task (M1), and cognitive development as measured in the Navon global-local task (DLPC) being the slowest. Gender difference was also present in FT task showing an earlier maturation for girls in the motor domain.