Genetic parameters for hoof lesions and their relationship with feet and leg traits in Canadian Holstein cows
Genetic parameters for hoof lesions and their relationship with feet and leg traits in Canadian Holstein cows
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.2012-6071
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Miglior, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapinal, N.;Koeck, A.;Miglior, F.
目的是（1）估计蹄病的遗传参数和育种值，（2）估计蹄病与各足、腿形态性状的表型效应，（3）估计蹄病与各足、腿形态性状的遗传相关。记录每只蹄是否存在特定蹄病变。病变分为感染性（趾和趾间皮炎、腐蹄病和足跟糜烂）、角（足底和脚趾溃疡、足底出血和白色线病）和其他病变（趾间增生、裂隙、薄足底和螺旋状爪）。使用线性动物模型分析了来自安大略、阿尔伯塔和不列颠哥伦比亚省的18个不同蹄修剪工收集的27，179头奶牛和365个牛群的共计34，905个蹄健康记录。此外，还考虑了5个足和腿形态特征（足角度、足跟深度、骨质、后腿侧视图和后腿后视图）以及来自经产奶牛的运动（n = 11，419和6，966头奶牛，分别用于形态特征和运动）。在近40%的蹄修剪记录中至少发现一处病变。蹄病变的遗传度估计值范围从前角病变的0.01到后感染性病变的0.09。尽管遗传力估计值较低，但我们观察到对蹄病变抗性的公畜估计育种值（EBV）存在较大变异。前、后感染性病变的发生率（0.77）和前、后角病变的发生率（0.61）呈正相关，而感染性病变与角病变的发生率（0.08）无相关性。对于大多数的构象性状，低分数与角病变的发生率较高的表型相关，而我们没有发现证据的感染性病变的脚和腿的性状的表型效应。形态性状的遗传力从0.04（后腿后视图）到0.22（骨骼质量）不等，而运动性状的遗传力为0.03。蹄病变和构象性状之间的遗传相关性低至中度，但大多数的估计与高标准误。总之，虽然蹄病变是低遗传性状，足够的遗传变异存在（如证明了大的变异性，在公畜EBV）的遗传改良，通过直接选择在长期。鼓励蹄健康数据收集的标准化。
The objectives were (1) to estimate the genetic parameters and breeding values of hoof lesions, (2) to estimate the phenotypic effect of each feet and legs conformation traits on hoof lesions, and (3) to estimate genetic correlations between hoof lesions with feet and legs conformation traits. The presence or absence of specific hoof lesions was recorded for each hoof. Lesions were classified into infectious (digital and interdigital dermatitis, foot rot, and heel erosion), horn (sole and toe ulcer, sole hemorrhage, and white line disease), and other lesions (interdigital hyperplasia, fissures, thin soles, and corkscrew claw). A total of 34,905 hoof health records from 27,179 cows and 365 herds, collected by 18 different hoof-trimmers in Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia, were analyzed using linear animal models. In addition, 5 feet and leg conformation traits (foot angle, heel depth, bone quality, rear leg side view, and rear leg rear view) and locomotion from primiparous cows were considered (n = 11,419 and 6,966 cows, for conformation traits and locomotion, respectively). At least one lesion was found in nearly 40% of the hoof trimming records. The heritability estimates for hoof lesions ranged from 0.01 for front horn lesions to 0.09 for rear infectious lesions. Despite the low heritability estimates, we observed large variability in sire estimated breeding value (EBV) for resistance to hoof lesions. Positive genetic correlations were found between the occurrence of front and rear infectious lesions (0.77) and between front and rear horn lesions (0.61), but not between infectious and horn lesions (0.08). For most of the conformation traits, low scores were phenotypically associated with higher incidence of horn lesions, whereas we found no evidence of a phenotypic effect of feet and leg traits on infectious lesions. The heritability of the conformation traits ranged from 0.04 for rear leg rear view to 0.22 for bone quality, whereas that for locomotion was 0.03. The genetic correlations between hoof lesions and conformation traits were low to moderate, yet most of the estimates were associated with high standard errors. In conclusion, although hoof lesions are lowly heritable traits, sufficient genetic variation exists (as evidenced by large variability in sire EBV) for genetic improvement through direct selection in the long term. Standardization of hoof health data collection is encouraged.