Wasps (Insecta: Vespida = Hymenoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of Spain
Wasps (Insecta: Vespida = Hymenoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of Spain
复制标题
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2000-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Rasnitsyn;X. Martínez-Delclòs
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Rasnitsyn;X. Martínez-Delclòs
对西班牙早白垩世石印石灰岩中的黄蜂及其近亲进行了研究。共记录标本30个，隶属于11科21属30种（其中4种位置未定）。建立了1个新科-- Andrenelidae-，6个新属，11个新种：Meiaghilarella cretacica n. gen.，n.sp.（Sepulatriae Ghilarellinae），Eosyntexis catalonicus n.sp.，Montsecensisn.gen.，n.sp.（Anaxyelidae Syntexinae），Montsecephialtites zherikhini n.gen.，n.sp.（Ephialtitidae Ephialtitinae），Karataus hispanicus n.sp.（Ephialtitidae Symphytopterinae），Manlaya ansorge i n.sp.（Gasteruptiidae Baissinae），Andrenelia pennata n.gen.，（Andrenelidae n.sp.）fam.），gomezi n.gen.，n.sp.（Mesoserphidae），Montsecosphex jarzembow skii n.gen.，n.sp.，Penyalveri Angarosphex n.sp.，棘鳍鱼属（？）noguerensis n.sp.（Sphecidae Angarosphecinae）、征服白垩石螺Cretoscolia conquensis n.sp.（Scolidae Archaeoscoliinae）。在模式种重新研究的基础上，对中生代Ephialtitidae科进行了重新研究。我们将这些西班牙白垩纪组合与来自世界各地的其他组合进行比较：中亚和东亚，英国，澳大利亚和巴西。在西班牙化石遗址中确定的属和科的数量几乎与英国Purbeck和Wealden相同。一些hyperteran组Xyelidae的缺席，是在早白垩世在西班牙已知存在的温暖气候相一致。我们的结论是，拉卡布鲁阿和拉佩德雷拉组合-这两个地点已经产生了最大数量的物种-对应于下白垩纪“Baissin类型”（感觉Rasnitsyn等人，1998年），但包括一些侏罗纪“幸存者”。La Pedrera组合同样适合于“angarosphecine亚型”，而La Cabrua大致对应于“proctotrupid”亚型，尽管显示出相对较高的angarosphecins比例。这一事实可能表明：a）这两个化石点之间可能存在差异，B）环境差异未反映在岩性记录中，c）不同的埋藏过程和/或，d）样本量不足----以反映源群的真实情况。La Pedrera组合与英国的Weald Clay、蒙古的Bon Tsagan和巴西的桑塔纳组合非常相似。La Cabrua在某种程度上接近Purbeck（英国），Koondana（澳大利亚）和大多数早白垩世亚洲组合。
Wasps and their relatives from the Lower Cretaceous lithographic limestones of Spain have been studied. Thirty specimens representing 30 species (4 of them with undetermined placement), at least 21 genera and 11 families are recorded. We erect 1 new family - Andrenelidae-, 6 new genera and 11 new species: Meiaghilarella cretacica n.gen., n.sp. (Sepulcidae Ghilarellinae), Eosyntexis catalonicus n.sp., Cretosyntexis montsecensis n.gen., n.sp. (Anaxyelidae Syntexinae), Montsecephialtites zherikhini n.gen., n.sp. (Ephialtitidae Ephialtitinae), Karataus hispanicus n.sp. (Ephialtitidae Symphytopterinae), Manlaya ansorge i n.sp. (Gasteruptiidae Baissinae), Andrenelia pennata n.gen., n.sp. (Andrenelidae n. fam.), Cretoserphus gomezi n.gen., n.sp. (Mesoserphidae), Montsecosphex jarzembow skii n.gen., n.sp., Angarosphex penyalveri n.sp., Pompilopterus (?) noguerensis n.sp. (Sphecidae Angarosphecinae), Cretoscolia conquensis n.sp. (Scoliidae Archaeoscoliinae). The Mesozoic family Ephialtitidae is revisited based on the restudy of the type-species. We compare these Spanish Cretaceous assemblages with other ones from various parts of the world: Central and Eastern Asia, England, Australia, and Brazil. The number of genera and families identified in the Spanish fossil-sites is almost the same as in the English Purbeck and Wealden. The absence of some hymenopteran groups as Xyelidae, is consistent with the warm climate know to exist in Spain during the Early Cretaceous. We conclude that both La Cabrua and La Pedrera assemblages - the two sites that have yielded the greatest number of species- correspond to the Lower Cretaceous “Baissin type” (sensu Rasnitsyn et al., 1998), but including some Jurassic “survivors”. La Pedrera assemblage fits equally well in the “angarosphecine subtype”, while La Cabrua roughly corresponds to the “proctotrupid” one, although shows a comparative ly high proportion of angarosphecins. This fact may suggest: a) possibly asynchrony between these two fossilsites, b) environmental differences not reflected in the lithological record, c) different taphonomic processes and/or, d) insufficient sample size - to reflect the reality of the source populations-. La Pedrera assemblage is very similar to those from Weald Clay (England), Bon Tsagan (Mongolia) and Santana (Brazil). La Cabrua approaches to a some extent, though not quite agrees with the Purbeck (UK), Koonwarra (Australia), and most Lower Cretaceous Asian assemblages.