Sports injuries and illnesses during the Winter Olympic Games 2010
Sports injuries and illnesses during the Winter Olympic Games 2010
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DOI：
10.1136/bjsm.2010.076992
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
Wilkinson, Mike
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Engebretsen, Lars;Steffen, Kathrin;Wilkinson, Mike
目的分析2010年温哥华冬奥会第21届冬奥会期间损伤和疾病的发生频率和特点。方法要求所有国家奥委会(NOC)的主任医师每天以标准化的报告表报告新发生的损伤和疾病的发生(或未发生)。此外，温哥华和惠斯勒奥林匹克诊所的医疗中心每天都会报告所有运动员的受伤和疾病治疗情况。结果来自82个国家奥委会的2567名运动员(1045名女性，1522名男性)的医生参与了这项研究。报告的287人受伤和185人患病导致每1 000名登记运动员中有111.8人受伤和72.1人患病。就注册运动员的数量而言，雪橇、冰球、短道、高山自由泳和滑雪板越野赛的受伤风险最高(每项运动都有15%-35%的注册运动员受到影响)。北欧滑雪项目(冬季两项、越野滑雪、跳台滑雪、北欧组合)、雪橇、冰壶、速滑和自由式滑雪的受伤风险最低(不到注册运动员的5%)。头、颈椎和膝关节是最常见的损伤部位。受伤分布在训练(54.0%)和比赛(46.0%；p=0.18)之间，22.6%的伤害是因缺席训练或比赛而造成的。在骨骼、花样滑冰和速度滑冰、冰壶、滑雪板十字和冬季两项中，每10名运动员中就至少有一名运动员患上一种疾病。113种疾病(62.8%)累及呼吸系统。结论至少11%的运动员在比赛中受伤，7%的运动员患病。不同运动项目的受伤和疾病发生率有很大不同。分析冬奥会高危冬季运动的损伤机制，对于更好地指导损伤预防策略是至关重要的。
Background Identification of high-risk sports, including their most common and severe injuries and illnesses, will facilitate the identification of sports and athletes at risk at an early stage.Aim To analyse the frequencies and characteristics of injuries and illnesses during the XXI Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver 2010.Methods All National Olympic Committees' (NOC) head physicians were asked to report daily the occurrence (or non-occurrence) of newly sustained injuries and illnesses on a standardised reporting form. In addition, the medical centres at the Vancouver and Whistler Olympic clinics reported daily on all athletes treated for injuries and illnesses.Results Physicians covering 2567 athletes (1045 females, 1522 males) from 82 NOCs participated in the study. The reported 287 injuries and 185 illnesses resulted in an incidence of 111.8 injuries and 72.1 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes. In relation to the number of registered athletes, the risk of sustaining an injury was highest for bobsleigh, ice hockey, short track, alpine freestyle and snowboard cross (15-35% of registered athletes were affected in each sport). The injury risk was lowest for the Nordic skiing events (biathlon, cross country skiing, ski jumping, Nordic combined), luge, curling, speed skating and freestyle moguls (less than 5% of registered athletes). Head/cervical spine and knee were the most common injury locations. Injuries were evenly distributed between training (54.0%) and competition (46.0%; p=0.18), and 22.6% of the injuries resulted in an absence from training or competition. In skeleton, figure and speed skating, curling, snowboard cross and biathlon, every 10th athlete suffered from at least one illness. In 113 illnesses (62.8%), the respiratory system was affected.Conclusion At least 11% of the athletes incurred an injury during the games, and 7% of the athletes an illness. The incidence of injuries and illnesses varied substantially between sports. Analyses of injury mechanisms in high-risk Olympic winter sports are essential to better direct injury-prevention strategies.