Perioperative use of selective alpha-2 agonists and antagonists in small animals.
Perioperative use of selective alpha-2 agonists and antagonists in small animals.
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发表时间：
2004-06
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通讯作者：
K. Lemke
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作者：
K. Lemke
Alpha-2激动剂是唯一一类能够在狗和猫身上产生可靠的、剂量依赖的镇静、止痛和肌肉松弛的麻醉药。作为注射麻醉剂和吸入麻醉剂的辅助剂，低剂量使用的选择性α-2激动剂可显著减少诱导和维持麻醉所需的麻醉药量。麻醉剂用量的减少不会对肺功能造成明显的抑制，对心血管功能的影响也有限。术后也可以使用选择性的α-2激动剂来增强阿片类药物和其他药物的止痛效果。鉴于阿尔法-2激动剂近乎理想的药效学特征和可逆性，这些药物将在平衡麻醉方法和治疗健康猫狗围手术期疼痛方面发挥核心作用。
Alpha-2 agonists are the only single class of anesthetic drugs that induce reliable, dose-dependent sedation, analgesia, and muscle relaxation in dogs and cats. Used at low doses, as adjuncts to injectable and inhalational anesthetics, selective alpha-2 agonists dramatically reduce the amount of anesthetic drug required to induce and maintain anesthesia. This reduction in anesthetic requirements is achieved without significant depression of pulmonary function and with limited effects on cardiovascular function. Selective alpha-2 agonists can also be used postoperatively to potentiate the analgesic effects of opioids and other drugs. Given the nearly ideal pharmacodynamic profile and reversibility of alpha-2 agonists, these drugs will play a central role in balanced approaches to anesthesia and the management of perioperative pain in healthy dogs and cats.