Cognitive vulnerability-stress theories of depression: Examining affective specificity in the prediction of depression versus anxiety in three prospective studies
Cognitive vulnerability-stress theories of depression: Examining affective specificity in the prediction of depression versus anxiety in three prospective studies
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DOI：
10.1023/b:cotr.0000031805.60529.0d
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Haeffel, GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hankin, BL;Abramson, LY;Haeffel, GJ
焦虑和抑郁在症状和障碍方面广泛重叠。我们测试了两种抑郁症认知脆弱性压力模型（绝望理论和贝克理论）的病因学因素，以验证与焦虑相比预测抑郁症的特异性。在三项前瞻性研究中评估了具有良好区分效度的焦虑和抑郁的多种症状测量、焦虑和抑郁的诊断、认知脆弱性（消极认知风格和功能失调的态度）和消极事件：一项是短期（5周）随访，第二项是长期（2年）随访，第三项是学术中期设计。结果表明，负面事件是焦虑和抑郁的一般危险因素。抑郁症的认知脆弱性与负面事件相互作用，可以专门预测未来的抑郁症，但不能预测焦虑症。两种理论的比较表明，它们的认知脆弱性-压力成分在抑郁症的预测中很大程度上重叠。讨论了焦虑和抑郁同时发生以及抑郁的认知脆弱性压力理论的含义。
Anxiety and depression overlap extensively at the level of symptoms and disorder. We tested the etiological factors from two cognitive vulnerability-stress models of depression ( Hopelessness theory and Beck's theory) for specificity in predicting depression compared with anxiety. Multiple symptom measures of anxiety and depression with good discriminant validity, diagnoses of anxiety and depression, cognitive vulnerability ( negative cognitive style and dysfunctional attitudes), and negative events were assessed in three prospective studies: one with a short-term (5-weeks) follow-up, the second with a long-term (2-years) follow-up, and the third with an academic midterm design. Results show that negative events were a general risk factor for anxiety and depression. Cognitive vulnerability for depression interacted with negative events to predict future depression specifically but not anxiety. Comparison of the two theories suggests that their cognitive vulnerability-stress components overlap largely in the prediction of depression. Implications for the co-occurrence of anxiety and depression as well as for the cognitive vulnerability-stress theories of depression are discussed.