Kin Recognition among Intact and Blinded, Mixed-Sibling Larvae of a Cannibalistic Salamander Hynobius retardatus
Kin Recognition among Intact and Blinded, Mixed-Sibling Larvae of a Cannibalistic Salamander Hynobius retardatus
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食人蝾螈的完整和失明、混合同胞幼虫之间的亲属识别
DOI：
10.2108/zsj.14.893
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Wakahara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Wakahara
摘要 蝾螈幼虫的同类相食行为受到食物供应水平、密度、体型和亲缘关系的影响。使用从不同卵窝发育而来的体型相似（孵化阶段全身长度差异在 10% 以内）的幼虫，检查了混合兄弟幼虫同类相食期间的亲属识别。为了区分从一个卵窝发育的幼虫和从不同卵窝发育的幼虫，通过眼球去除操作进行个体标记系统。眼球摘除本身对同类相食没有任何影响，无论是吃还是被吃。研究发现，当不同卵窝孵化的幼虫混合在一起时，幼虫无需视觉就能识别亲缘关系，并优先吃掉非亲缘动物或避免杀死兄弟姐妹。然而，同类相食行为要么是由卵孵化出来的幼虫引起的，要么不是。卵窝中幼虫的命运，无论它们是“同类相食”还是“非同类相食”，都是通过观察每个卵窝孵化出的幼虫在孵化后的前 10 天内的同类相食行为来决定的。因此，可以区分含有同类相食幼虫的“同类相食”群体和从未表现出同类相食行为的“非同类相食”群体。然而，即使是“非同类相食”的幼虫，当与不同卵群孵化的幼虫混合时，也有能力吃掉另一个个体。
Abstract Cannibalisms among larvae of a salamander Hynobius retardatus were affected by level of food supply, their density, body size and kinship. Kin recognition during cannibalisms among mixed-sibling larvae was examined using larvae with similar body size (within 10% differences in total body length at hatching stage) developed from different egg clutches. In order to distinguish larvae developed from an egg clutch from ones developed from different egg clutches, individual marking system by eye ball-removal operation was conducted. The eye ball-removal itself had no effect on the cannibalism, either to consume or to be comsumed. It was found that the larvae can recognize kinship without sence of sight and preferentially consume non-kins or avoid killing siblings, when larvae hatched from different egg clutches were mixed. The cannibalism, however, was either induced or not among larvae hatched from an egg clutch. The destiny of larvae from an egg clutch whether they became “cannibalistic” or “non-cannibalistic” was determined in every egg clutch by observing the cannibalism in larvae hatched from each egg clutch, respectively, during the first 10 days after hatching. Thus, it was possible to distinguish “cannibalistic” clutches which contained cannibalistic larvae from “non-cannibalistic” clutches which never showed the cannibalism. Even larvae of the “non-cannibalistic” clutch, however, had an ability to eat another individual when mixed with larvae hatched from different egg clutches.