Some advances in understanding of the general circulation of the Pacific Ocean, with emphasis on recent U.S. contributions
Some advances in understanding of the general circulation of the Pacific Ocean, with emphasis on recent U.S. contributions
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对太平洋总体环流的理解取得了一些进展，重点是美国最近的贡献
DOI：
10.1029/95rg00350
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
25.2
通讯作者：
L. Talley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Talley
在过去的两个世纪里，在观测和了解海洋的一般环流方面不断取得进展。太平洋最近爆发的活动是由于主要通过热带海洋全球大气(TOGA)方案对厄尔尼诺现象进行理解和建模的兴趣和能力，以及通过世界海洋环流实验(WOCE)的活动对更大范围的现象感兴趣，如热输送和大气环流的基本知识。这些实验建立在过去几十年对太平洋的广泛了解的基础上；在这一点上，细读这些知识就会发现，无论是在观察上还是在理论上，这些知识都是不完整的，人们希望，对气候问题--很大程度上包括海洋的一般环流及其变异性--的高度关注，将大大有助于提高我们的理解。
在理解大西洋环流方面取得了同等或可能更大的进展，印度洋和北冰洋环流的观测基础和理论也有了很大进步。这本书中的另外两份报告[Fine，1995；Hogg和Johns，1995]调查了大西洋上与大气环流有关的问题。考虑到明年世界海洋环流计划将扩大到印度洋，此时审查印度洋环流还为时过早。因此，为了限制本次审查的范围，主要重点放在太平洋，强调中深层环流和长时间尺度的多变性。我们回顾了与简单的环流理论相关的观测结果。
Advances in observing and understanding the general circulation of the ocean have been made continuously through the past two centuries. A recent burst of activity in the Pacific has been due to an interest and ability to understand and model the El Nino phenomenon, primarily through the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program, and due to the interest in larger scale phenomena such as heat transport and basics of the general circulation, through activities of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). These experiments have built on the extensive knowledge of the Pacific Ocean derived over the previous decades; a perusal of knowledge at this point shows it to be incomplete in both observations and theory and it is hoped that the greatly increased focus on climate issues, which very much include the ocean's general circulation and its variability, will go far to improve our understanding.
There have been equal or possibly greater advances in understanding the circulation of the Atlantic, and the observational base arid theory of the circulation of the Indian and Arctic Oceans have been advanced substantially. Two other reports in this volume [Fine, 1995; Hogg and Johns, 1995] survey general-circulation related issues in the Atlantic. A review of Indian Ocean circulation at this time would be premature given the expansion of WOCE programs to the Indian Ocean in the next year. Thus in order to limit the scope of this review, the principal focus is the Pacific Ocean, emphasizing the intermediate and deep circulation and long time scales of variability. Observations are reviewed as they relate to simple theories of the circulation.