The fetal and maternal consequences of gestational diabetes mellitus
The fetal and maternal consequences of gestational diabetes mellitus
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DOI：
10.3109/14767050903550659
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Reece, E. Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reece, E. Albert
妊娠糖尿病（GDM）是一种糖尿病，在怀孕期间出现，通常在妇女分娩后不久消失。更好地认识到GDM的危险因素，加上许多国家对该疾病进行更普遍的筛查，导致GDM沿着其他形式的妊娠前糖尿病的检测增加。越来越多的证据表明，GDM显著增加了胎儿和母亲的一些短期和长期不良后果的风险，其中最重要的是易患代谢综合征和2型糖尿病。母亲和儿童肥胖以及心血管疾病也是GDM的潜在长期后果。另一方面，越来越多的证据表明，通过积极治疗GDM，许多这些后果的风险可以显着降低或消除。然而，关于何时开始筛查妊娠期高血糖症以及在什么水平的高血糖症时应开始积极干预，仍存在很大争议。
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that presents during pregnancy and usually disappears shortly after a woman gives birth. Better recognition of the risk factors of GDM, combined with more universal screening for the disease in many countries, has led to the increased detection of GDM along with other forms of pregestational diabetes. There is growing evidence that GDM significantly increases the risk of a number of short- and long-term adverse consequences for the fetus and mother, the most significant of which is a predisposition to the development of metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes. Maternal and childhood obesity as well as cardiovascular disease are also potential long-term consequences of GDM. On the other hand, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the risk of many of these consequences can be significantly reduced or eliminated by aggressive treatment of GDM. There remains, however, a great deal of controversy over when to begin screening for hyperglycemia in pregnancy and at what level of hyperglycemia should aggressive intervention be initiated.