Osteochondrosis in the tarsocrural joint and osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joints in Standardbred trotters. I. Epidemiology
Osteochondrosis in the tarsocrural joint and osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joints in Standardbred trotters. I. Epidemiology
复制标题
标准种马蹄跗脚关节的骨软骨病和球节关节的骨软骨碎片。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Carlsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Sandgren;G. Dalin;J. Carlsten
总结
对两组 1.5 岁的标准种马进行了跗脚关节和掌骨/跖趾关节的放射线检查。其中一组由从瑞典标准种马中随机抽取的 674 匹马组成，以估计跗脚关节骨软骨病和球节关节中骨软骨碎片的发生率。另外，还纳入了 4 匹自身患有骨软骨病或球节碎片的种马的 119 匹后代，用于研究病变的分布和受影响动物的特征，即总共 793 只动物。选择射线照相视图来检测跗脚关节（OC）中的骨软骨病和球节关节中的掌/足底骨软骨碎片（POF）、未联合的掌/足底隆起（UPE）和背侧碎片（DF）。
跗脚关节 OC 的发生率估计为 10.5%，而 674 只动物中，球节关节中的掌/足底骨软骨碎片存在于 21.5%。
在 793 只动物中，11.5% 的马出现跗脚关节 OC，45% 的受影响动物双侧出现跗骨关节 OC。在球节关节中，22.4% 的马匹出现 POF，4.2% 的马匹出现 UPE，4.4% 的马匹出现 DF。 793 匹马中，有 35.9% 发现了一种或多种病变。 OC 和 POF 的发病率没有显着的性别差异，但当考虑所有病变时，男性明显比女性更容易受到影响（40.5% vs 31.2%）。
跗脚关节的 OC 病变中，95% 位于胫骨中脊，5% 位于距骨外侧滑车。 POF和UPE主要发生在后肢。在 75% 的 POF 病例中，病变部位位于关节内侧，而 UPE 病变几乎全部位于关节外侧。患有 UPE 的马匹 POF 的发生率明显更高。
跗脚关节OC的发生率与出生日期有关，产驹季节后期发病率高于产驹季节初期。 OC 的发生率也与体型有关。受影响的马肩胛骨更高，腕骨周长更大。在具有 OC 放射学征象的马中，跗脚关节滑液积液明显更为明显。在患有 POF 和 UPE 的马中，球节关节的滑液积液并没有更频繁或更严重。
Summary
Radiographic examinations of the tarsocrural and metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joints were made in two groups of 1.5-year-old Standardbreds. One group comprised 674 horses drawn at random from the Swedish population of Standardbred trotters to provide an estimate of the incidence of tarsocrural joint osteochondrosis and osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joints. An additional 119 progeny of 4 stallions which themselves had osteochondrosis or fetlock fragments were included for the study of the distribution of lesions and the characteristics of affected animals, i.e. a total of 793 animals. The radiographic views were chosen to detect osteochondrosis in the tarsocrural joints (OC) and palmar/plantar osteochondral fragments (POF), ununited palmar/plantar eminences (UPE) and dorsal fragments (DF) in the fetlock joints.
The incidence of tarsocrural joint OC was estimated as 10.5% while palmar/plantar osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joints were present in 21.5% of the 674 animals.
In the group of 793 animals, tarsocrural joint OC was seen in 11.5% of the horses and was found bilaterally in 45% of the affected animals. In the fetlock joints, POF was found in 22.4%, UPE in 4.2% and DF in 4.4% of the horses. One or several of the lesions were found in 35.9% of the 793 horses. There were no significant sex differences in the incidence of OC and POF, but when all lesions were considered males were significantly more often affected than females (40.5% vs 31.2%).
Of the OC lesions in the tarsocrural joint, 95% were found at the intermediate ridge of the tibia and 5% were seen at the lateral trochlea of the talus. POF and UPE mainly occurred in the hindlimbs. In 75% of the POF cases, the findings were located in the medial part of the joint while UPE findings almost exclusively were found laterally. Horses with UPE had a significantly higher incidence of POF.
The incidence of OC in the tarsocrural joint was related to the date of birth and the incidence was higher in the later than in the early part of the foaling season. The incidence of OC findings was also related to body size. Horses affected were taller at the withers and had a greater circumference of the carpus. Synovial effusions of the tarsocrural joint were significantly more pronounced in horses with radiographic signs of OC. In horses with POF and UPE, synovial effusions of the fetlock joints were not more frequent or severe.