Comparative assessment of technological systems for recycling sludge and food waste aimed at greenhouse gas emissions reduction and phosphorus recovery
Comparative assessment of technological systems for recycling sludge and food waste aimed at greenhouse gas emissions reduction and phosphorus recovery
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.03.026
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Ohno, Koichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakakubo, Toyohiko;Tokai, Akihiro;Ohno, Koichi
我们使用生命周期评估来比较处理污水污泥和食物垃圾的替代技术，旨在确定减少温室气体（GHG）排放、回收磷（P）并最大限度地减少对公众健康风险的首选方法。我们研究了两个系统：（i）以传统方式焚化厨余，并分开处理污水污泥;及（ii）建议采用的新系统，在污水处理厂的厌氧消化池内，把家居厨余与污水污泥混合。我们研究了这些系统中的每一种作为污泥处理的替代技术的变化：低温焚烧、高温焚烧、堆肥、水泥原料生产、低温碳化、干法造粒和热解气化。我们还评估了不同的磷回收技术的效果：羟基磷灰石（HAP）的方法，磷酸铵镁（MAP）的方法，碱提取，和部分还原熔融。以100 000人接受处置服务为功能单位，作为生命周期评估计算的基础。我们发现，对于每一种比较的技术，污泥和餐厨垃圾联合消化系统优于单独处理和处置的上级。在组合系统的各种技术配置中，两个被判定为在GHG排放和P回收方面上级其他技术配置：（i）污泥热解气化与MAP方法和从灰中碱提取用于P回收（Y-5）;和（ii）污泥堆肥与MAP方法用于P回收（Y-1）。当在分析中详细考虑健康风险时，Y-5配置被确定为技术更新目标的最佳选择，因为上级残疾调整生命年优于Y-1配置，后者造成更大的重金属排放。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
We used life cycle assessment to compare alternative technologies for the disposal of sewage sludge and food waste with the aim of identifying the preferred methods for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, recovering phosphorus (P), and minimizing risks to public health. We examined two systems: (i) traditional incineration of food waste and separate treatment of sewage sludge, and (ii) a proposed new system in which domestic food waste is mixed with sewage sludge in an anaerobic digestion tank at a sewage treatment plant. We examined variations to each of these systems as alternative technologies for the processing of sludge: low-temperature incineration, high-temperature incineration, composting, production of cement feedstock, low-temperature carbonization, dry granulation, and pyrolysis gasification. We also evaluated the effect of different P recovery technologies: the calcium hydroxyapatite (HAP) method, the magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) method, alkaline extraction, and partial-reduction melting. A functional unit of 100,000 people receiving disposal services was used as the basis for life cycle assessment calculations. We found that for each of the technologies compared, the combined sludge and food waste digestion system was superior to separate treatment and disposal. Among the various technology configurations of the combined system, two were judged to be superior to the others with respect to both GHG emissions and P recovery: (i) the pyrolysis gasification of sludge with the MAP method and alkaline extraction from ash for P recovery (Y-5); and (ii) composting of sludge and the MAP method for P recovery (Y-1). When a detailed consideration of health risks was added to the analysis, configuration Y-5 was identified as the best option to target for technology renewal because of its superior disability adjusted life year (DALY) to that of configuration Y-1, which caused greater heavy metal emissions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.