The Near-Tip Fields of Fast Cracks
The Near-Tip Fields of Fast Cracks
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1180476
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发表时间：
2010-03-12
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Fineberg, Jay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Livne, Ariel;Bouchbinder, Eran;Fineberg, Jay
在受应力的物体中，裂纹扩展是材料失效的主要途径。裂纹在其尖端产生大的应力放大，导致大的材料变形。该高度变形区域内的材料响应将决定其失效模式。尽管它非常重要，但我们对这个区域的结构只有有限的了解，因为它通常是实验上难以处理的。通过使用脆性neo-Hookean材料，我们克服了这一障碍，并进行了直接和精确的测量快速裂纹的近尖端结构。这些实验揭示了一个层次的线性和非线性弹性区，通过它的能量被转移之前，在裂纹的尖端被耗散。这一结果提供了一个全面的图片如何远程施加的力驱动材料失效的最基本的断裂状态：直，快速移动的裂纹。
In a stressed body, crack propagation is the main vehicle for material failure. Cracks create large stress amplification at their tips, leading to large material deformation. The material response within this highly deformed region will determine its mode of failure. Despite its great importance, we have only a limited knowledge of the structure of this region, because it is generally experimentally intractable. By using a brittle neo-Hookean material, we overcame this barrier and performed direct and precise measurements of the near-tip structure of rapid cracks. These experiments reveal a hierarchy of linear and nonlinear elastic zones through which energy is transported before being dissipated at a crack's tip. This result provides a comprehensive picture of how remotely applied forces drive material failure in the most fundamental of fracture states: straight, rapidly moving cracks.