POVERTY AND LIVELIHOODS - WHOSE REALITY COUNTS
POVERTY AND LIVELIHOODS - WHOSE REALITY COUNTS
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DOI：
10.1177/095624789500700106
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发表时间：
1995-04-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
CHAMBERS, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHAMBERS, R
本文探讨了专业人士对贫困的普遍、简化和标准化的看法与穷人本身的看法有何不同。 关注收入贫困的贫困线思维和关注就业的就业思维，将北方的担忧投射到南方，那里的穷人的现实是地方性的、多样化的，往往是复杂的和动态的。 例子说明了穷人的标准与专业人士为他们假设的标准有何不同。 本文还讨论了被忽视的剥夺维度，包括脆弱性、季节性、无力感和羞辱。 在对贫困的新认识中，作为目标的财富被福祉所取代，工作中的“就业”被生计所取代。 最后几节主张利他主义和逆转，以使穷人能够分析和阐明自己的需求，最后部分提出了将穷人的优先事项放在首位对政策和实践的影响。
This paper explores how professionals' universal, reductionist and standardized views of poverty differ from those of the poor themselves. Poverty line thinking concerned with income-poverty and employment thinking concerned with jobs, project Northern concerns on the South, where the realities of the poor are local, diverse, often complex and dynamic. Examples illustrate how poor people's criteria differ from those assumed for them by professionals. The paper also discusses neglected dimensions of deprivation including vulnerability, seasonality, powerlessness and humilation. In the new understandings of poverty, wealth as an objective is replaced by wellbeing and ''employment'' in jobs by livelihood. The final sections argue for altruism and reversals to enable poor people to analyze and articulate their own needs, and they conclude with the implications for policy and practice of putting first the priorities of the poor.