Knowledge of AIDS among secondary school pupils in Bagamoyo and Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Knowledge of AIDS among secondary school pupils in Bagamoyo and Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania.
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坦桑尼亚巴加莫约和达累斯萨拉姆中学生对艾滋病的了解。
DOI：
10.1097/00002030-199103000-00014
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hunter,DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kapiga,SH;Nachtigal,G;Hunter,DJ
1989年8月，我们在坦桑尼亚选定的学校评估了学生对艾滋病的认识。481名学生从四个随机选择的中学，两个从达累斯萨拉姆（一个城市）和两个从巴加莫约（一个半农村的城镇），进行了采访，使用结构式问卷。其中，476人（99.0%）听说过艾滋病，447人（92.9%）能够自发地提到至少一种性传播疾病（STD），其中374人（83.7%）提到艾滋病。知识水平随着年龄的增长而提高，达累斯萨拉姆妇女的知识水平往往高于巴加莫约。这些数据表明，应加强针对农村地区妇女的沟通渠道。虽然对艾滋病毒性传播的了解普遍较高，而且据报对传播方式的误解很少，但对非性传播方式（输血、注射、垂直传播）的了解不足。虽然80%的学生提到减少性伴侣数量是预防艾滋病的一种手段，但只有22%的学生提到使用避孕套，不到5%的学生报告说他们曾经使用过避孕套。未来的研究应该集中在促进性行为改变的手段上，这是任何艾滋病预防策略的最终目标。
We assessed knowledge of AIDS among pupils in selected schools in Tanzania in August 1989. Four hundred and eighty-one pupils from four randomly selected secondary schools, two from Dar-Es-Salaam (a city) and two from Bagamoyo (a semi-rural town), were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Of these, 476 (99.0%) had heard of AIDS, and 447 (92.9%) were able to mention spontaneously at least one sexually transmitted disease (STD), of whom 374 (83.7%) mentioned AIDS. Knowledge was found to increase with age and tended to be higher among women in Dar-Es-Salaam than in Bagamoyo. These data suggest that communication channels directed at women in rural areas should be strengthened. While knowledge of sexual transmission of HIV was generally high, and prevalence of reported misconceptions about modes of transmission was very low, knowledge of non-sexual means of transmission (transfusions, injections, vertical) was lacking. Although 80% of pupils mentioned reduction of number of sexual partners as a means of AIDS prevention, only 22% mentioned condom use, and less than 5% reported that they had ever used a condom. Future research should concentrate on means of promoting sexual behavior change, the ultimate aim of any AIDS prevention strategy.