Nicotine dependence in schizophrenia: Clinical phenomena and laboratory findings
Nicotine dependence in schizophrenia: Clinical phenomena and laboratory findings
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DOI：
10.1176/ajp.155.11.1490
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Meador-Woodruff, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dalack, GW;Healy, DJ;Meador-Woodruff, JH
目的：本报告的目的是探讨吸烟在精神分裂症中的高患病率对我们对这种疾病的认识的潜在意义。方法：对相关的临床和临床前文献进行选择性回顾。作者综述了有关精神分裂症患者吸烟的临床观察，总结了有关中枢神经系统尼古丁受体家族复杂性的临床前数据，并探讨了尼古丁对精神分裂症所涉及的神经递质系统的调节作用。结果：临床数据表明，精神分裂症患者吸烟可能是一种试图自我用药治疗疾病症状的尝试。临床前的研究结果支持尼古丁在治疗阴性症状方面的潜在作用。最近的临床前和临床数据表明，精神分裂症患者的中枢尼古丁能系统存在原发缺陷，导致感觉门控异常，中枢尼古丁系统对其他神经递质系统的神经调节作用的复杂性突显了这一领域持续研究的范围和潜在重要性。结论：尽管越来越多的临床研究集中在精神分裂症患者吸烟的极高患病率上，但与尼古丁和尼古丁受体的大量临床前数据的联系在很大程度上尚未被探索。这些联系可能是非常重要的，将尼古丁的使用整合到我们精神分裂症的临床和基本模型中，导致了这种疾病中大脑功能障碍的更复杂但更现实的表现。了解精神分裂症患者如何以及为什么使用尼古丁可能会导致精神分裂症和尼古丁依赖的新疗法的开发。
Objective: The goal of this report is to examine the potential implications of the high prevalence of smoking in schizophrenia for our understanding of this illness, Method: A selective review of the relevant clinical and preclinical literature was conducted. The authors present a review of the clinical observations about smoking in schizophrenia, summarize the preclinical data about the complexity of the CNS nicotinic receptor family, and examine the modulatory effects of nicotine on neurotransmitter systems implicated in schizophrenia, Results: Clinical data suggest that smoking in schizophrenia may represent an attempt to self-medicate symptoms of the illness. Preclinical findings support a potential role of nicotine in medicating negative symptoms in particular. Recent preclinical and clinical data suggest that schizophrenic patients have a primary defect in the CNS nicotinergic system that leads to abnormal sensory gating, The complexity of the neuromodulatory effects of CNS nicotinic systems on other neurotransmitter systems underscores both the scope and potential importance of continued advancement of research in this area, Conclusions: Despite increasing clinical research focused on the extremely high prevalence of smoking in schizophrenia, linkages to the prodigious preclinical data about nicotine and nicotinic receptors are largely unexplored. These linkages are likely to be very important, Integrating nicotine use into our clinical and basic models of schizophrenia leads to a more complex but more realistic representation of brain dysfunction in this illness. Understanding how and why schizophrenic individuals use nicotine may lead to the development of new treatments for both schizophrenia and nicotine dependence.