Heterogeneity in vaccine immune response: The role of immunogenetics and the emerging field of vaccinomics
Heterogeneity in vaccine immune response: The role of immunogenetics and the emerging field of vaccinomics
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.clpt.6100415
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Smith, D. I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Poland, G. A.;Ovsyannikova, I. G.;Smith, D. I.
免疫学、遗传学、分子生物学、生物信息学和人类基因组计划等领域的最新进展使疫苗组学领域的出现成为可能。疫苗组学涵盖了免疫遗传学和免疫基因组学领域，用于了解疫苗免疫反应的异质性机制。在这项研究中，我们考察了人类白细胞抗原基因、细胞因子基因和细胞表面受体基因的作用，作为遗传多态如何导致个体和群体对疫苗免疫反应的差异的例子。反过来，这些数据与新的高通量技术相结合，为疫苗反应的免疫反应网络理论提供了信息。这些信息可用于新疫苗的定向和理性开发，这一新的疫苗学黄金时代被称为“预测疫苗学”，它将预测疫苗反应或疫苗不良反应的可能性、所需剂量，甚至疫苗是否可能有益(即，个人是否面临疫苗接种结果的风险？)。
Recent advances in the fields of immunology, genetics, molecular biology, bioinformatics, and the Human Genome Project have allowed for the emergence of the field of vaccinomics. Vaccinomics encompasses the fields of immunogenetics and immunogenomics as applied to understanding the mechanisms of heterogeneity in immune responses to vaccines. In this study, we examine the role of HLA genes, cytokine genes, and cell surface receptor genes as examples of how genetic polymorphism leads to individual and population variations in immune responses to vaccines. In turn, this data, in concert with new high-throughput technology, inform the immune-response network theory to vaccine response. Such information can be used in the directed and rational development of new vaccines, and this new golden age of vaccinology has been termed "predictive vaccinology", which will predict the likelihood of a vaccine response or an adverse response to a vaccine, the number of doses needed and even whether a vaccine is likely to be of benefit ( i.e., is the individual at risk for the outcome for which the vaccine is being administered?).