Democratic police reforms in war-torn societies
Democratic police reforms in war-torn societies
复制标题
饱受战争蹂躏的社会中的民主警察改革
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Neild
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Neild
本文通过研究“复员困境”和与部队构成有关的问题，回顾了围绕饱受战争蹂躏的社会警察改革设计的最初问题，这些问题是战斗人员重新融入社会和新安全安排的政治合法性的关键。警察改革必须被理解为不仅仅是国际捐助者向“新手”国家部队转让技能的过程。许多最严重的挑战来自薄弱的司法系统、高犯罪率和根深蒂固的专制文化。这些因素往往促使政府重新引入军队，增加警察权力和法律的惩罚，从而危及新赢得的权利，并有可能恢复独裁治安。研究表明，警察必须反应迅速，尊重他人，必须赢得公众的合作，如果他们要做到这一点？有效的？打击犯罪，维护社会治安。这就需要一项多部门战略，包括范围广泛的行动者：从维持和平行动中的军事和民警到为民主体制、经济和社会发展提供支助的捐助者。
This article reviews the initial questions surrounding the design of police reforms in war-torn societies, by examining the ‘demobilisation dilemma’ and issues pertaining to force composition, which are key to the reinsertion of combatants and to the political legitimacy of new security arrangements. Police reform must be understood as more than a process of skills transfer from international donors to a ‘rookie’ national force. Many of the most serious challenges derive from weak judiciaries, high crime rates and embedded authoritarian cultures. These factors often spur governments to reintroduce military forces and to increase police powers and legal penalties, thereby jeopardising newly-won rights and risking a return to authoritarian policing. Studies indicate that police must be responsive and respectful and must win public cooperation if they are to be e?ective in ?ghting crime and maintaining public order. This requires a multi-sectoral strategy, encompassing a wide range of actors: from the military and civilian police in peacekeeping operations to donors that provide support for democratic institutional, economic and social development.