Single-photon detection using high-temperature superconductors
Single-photon detection using high-temperature superconductors
复制标题
利用高温超导体进行单光子探测
DOI：
10.1038/s41565-023-01325-2
复制
发表时间：
2023-03-20
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Berggren, K. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charaev, I.;Bandurin, D. A.;Berggren, K. K.
超导单光子探测器对于量子通信、荧光寿命成像和遥感至关重要，但通常在非常低的温度下运行。现在，高温铜酸盐超导纳米线可实现高达 25 K 的单光子探测。单个光量子的探测对于量子通信、荧光寿命成像、遥感等非常重要。由于其高探测效率、出色的信噪比和快速恢复时间，超导纳米线单光子探测器 (SNSPD) 已成为这些应用中的关键组件。然而，传统 SNSPD 的运行需要昂贵的制冷器。在这里，我们报告了两种高温超导纳米线的制造。我们观察到 1.5 μm 电信波长下光子计数率与辐射功率的线性关系，从而揭示了单光子操作。由 Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta 薄片制成的 SNSPD 表现出高达 25 K 的单光子响应，而对于由 La1.55Sr0.45CuO4/La2CuO4 双层膜制成的 SNSPD，在高达 8 K 的温度下观察到这种响应。虽然潜在的检测机制尚未完全了解，但我们的工作将 SNSPD 技术的材料系列扩展到液氦温度限制之外，并表明甚至可以在更高的工作温度下工作可以使用其他高温超导体来实现。
Superconducting single-photon detectors are critical for quantum communication, fluorescence lifetime imaging and remote sensing, but commonly operate at very low temperatures. Now, high-temperature cuprate superconducting nanowires enable single-photon detection up to 25 K.The detection of individual quanta of light is important for quantum communication, fluorescence lifetime imaging, remote sensing and more. Due to their high detection efficiency, exceptional signal-to-noise ratio and fast recovery times, superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become a critical component in these applications. However, the operation of conventional SNSPDs requires costly cryocoolers. Here we report the fabrication of two types of high-temperature superconducting nanowires. We observe linear scaling of the photon count rate on the radiation power at the telecommunications wavelength of 1.5 mu m and thereby reveal single-photon operation. SNSPDs made from thin flakes of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta exhibit a single-photon response up to 25 K, and for SNSPDs from La1.55Sr0.45CuO4/La2CuO4 bilayer films, this response is observed up to 8 K. While the underlying detection mechanism is not fully understood yet, our work expands the family of materials for SNSPD technology beyond the liquid helium temperature limit and suggests that even higher operation temperatures may be reached using other high-temperature superconductors.