Buyer-specific versus uniform pricing in a closed-loop supply chain with third-party remanufacturing
Buyer-specific versus uniform pricing in a closed-loop supply chain with third-party remanufacturing
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ejor.2018.08.028
复制
发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xiaole Wu;Yu Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiaole Wu;Yu Zhou
管理者普遍认为，第三方再制造商(TPR)的进入对原始设备制造商(OEM)不利，社会规划者普遍同意，一视同仁的统一定价政策比特定于买家的定价政策更可取。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个博弈论模型来重新审视这些政策在闭环式供应链中的影响，其中一个供应商向一个OEM和一个TPR销售不能再制造的零部件。在统一定价模式下，供应商必须收取相同的批发价。我们的分析表明，无论采取何种定价政策，第三方再制造都可能导致供应商、OEM和TPR三方共赢。与买方定价政策相比，统一定价政策可能会给供应商、OEM、TPR和消费者造成四倍的损失，从而绝对减少社会福利。支持这一发现的关键直觉是，在一定条件下，特定于买家的定价政策促进了第三方再制造，这可能会增加供应链的总利润，改善社会福利。因此，OEM不应总是试图阻止TPR进入。此外，政府应该允许供应商收取特定于买家的批发价，以培育再制造行业，尤其是在其初级阶段。
Managers broadly agree that the entry of third-party remanufacturers (TPRs) is detrimental to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and social planners broadly agree that a nondiscriminatory uniform pricing policy is more desirable than a buyer-specific pricing policy. In this study, we develop a game theoretical model to revisit the effects of these policies in a closed-loop supply chain in which one supplier sells a component that cannot be remanufactured to one OEM and one TPR. The supplier must charge the same wholesale price in the uniform pricing model. Our analysis shows that regardless of the pricing policy, third-party remanufacturing could lead to a triple win to the supplier, the OEM, and the TPR. When compared with a buyer-specific pricing policy, a uniform pricing policy may result in a fourfold loss to the supplier, the OEM, the TPR, and the consumers, and hence an absolute reduction in social welfare. The key intuition driving the findings is that under certain conditions, the buyer-specific pricing policy facilitates third-party remanufacturing, which may increase the total profit of the supply chain and improve social welfare. Therefore, the OEM should not always attempt to deter the entry of TPRs. In addition, the government should allow the supplier to charge buyer-specific wholesale prices to foster the remanufacturing sector, particularly in its infancy.