CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF PURE STRAINS OF BACTERIA FROM RUMEN OF CATTLE
CELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF PURE STRAINS OF BACTERIA FROM RUMEN OF CATTLE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1099/00221287-32-3-441
复制
发表时间：
1963-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
BRYANT, MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HALLIWELL, G;BRYANT, MP
用从牛瘤胃分离的纯菌株，研究了降解和未降解纤维素的体外降解。使一种产琥珀酸拟杆菌菌株、两种白色瘤胃球菌菌株和两种产黄瘤胃球菌菌株发酵磨碎的纤维素粉末（来自滤纸的预消化物）、纤维素粉末（Whatman）和未降解的棉纤维，分解的程度随后是不溶性底物的重量损失。所有五种生物对降解的磨碎的纤维素粉末都具有高度活性，并且溶解72- 90%，但只有一种生物B。产琥珀酸菌菌株S-85对纤维素粉末（Whatman）或对未降解的棉纤维同样有效。R.产黄杆菌菌株FD-1对后一种底物的效力稍低，分别实现了40%和60%的纤维素粉末（Whatman）和棉纤维溶解。R. albus strain 7和R.产黄杆菌C-94菌株对棉纤维的增溶作用可忽略不计（分别为10%和0%）。R. D-89菌株对棉纤维的增溶率为40%，其活性介于R. albus strain 7和R.产黄杆菌菌株FD-1。来自B培养物的无细胞制剂。产琥珀酸菌菌株S-85在17天内仅产生4%磨碎纤维素粉末的分解，而纤维素粉末（Whatman）的分解高达9%。从R.产黄杆菌菌株FD-1或来自分解生物体的菌株分别使磨碎的纤维素粉末溶解约46%和36%，但不能攻击棉纤维。结果支持了这样的观点，即生物体或无细胞酶攻击任何一种特定形式的纤维素的能力不是其攻击较少降解或未降解类型的纤维素的能力的标准。
The in vitro breakdown of degraded and undegraded varieties of cellulose was examined by using pure strains of bacteria isolated from the rumen of cattle. One strain of Bacteroides succinogenes, two strains of Ruminococcus albus and two strains of Ruminococcus flavefaciens were allowed to ferment ground cellulose powder (pre-pared from filter paper), cellulose powder (Whatman) and undegraded cotton fibres, the extent of breakdown being followed by loss of weight of the insoluble substrate. All five organisms were highly active on degraded ground cellulose powder and dissolved 72-90%, but only one organism, B. succinogenes strain s-85, was equally effective on cellulose powder (Whatman) or on undegraded cotton fibres. R. flavefaciens strain FD-1 was somewhat less potent on the latter substrates, achieving 40 and 60% dissolution, respectively, of cellulose powder (Whatman) and cotton fibres. R. albus strain 7 and R. flavefaciens strain C-94 had negligible effects on cotton fibres (10 and 0% solubiliza-tion, respectively). R. albus strain D-89, producing 40% solubilization of cotton fibres, was intermediate in activity between R. albus strain 7 and R. flavefaciens strain FD-1. Cell-free preparations from culture filtrates of B. succinogenes strain S-85 gave only 4% breakdown of ground cellulose powder and up to 9( breakdown of cellulose powder (Whatman) in 17 days. Cell-free filtrates from the metabolism fluid of R. flavefaciens strain FD-1 or from the disintegrated organisms brought about 46 and 36% solubilization, respectively, of ground cellulose powder, but failed to attack cotton fibres. The results support the view that the capacity of an organism or cell-free enzyme to attack any one particular form of cellulose is no criterion of its ability to attack less degraded or undegraded types of cellulose.