Sexually dimorphic effect of an acute smoking manipulation on skin resistance but not on heart-rate during a cognitive verbal task
Sexually dimorphic effect of an acute smoking manipulation on skin resistance but not on heart-rate during a cognitive verbal task
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02688690
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pogun, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Furedy, JJ;Algan, O;Pogun, S
在一个为期两天，两个会话的实验中，吸烟的男性和女性大学生受试者在第一天或第二天进行认知语言任务，并在第二天或第一天进行认知空间任务，通过要求10+小时的实验前休息，并在两个会话之间的15分钟休息期间提供香烟，将吸烟作为急性自变量进行操作。不吸烟的女性和男性受试者进行了相同的实验，因此作为控制这种急性吸烟操作的影响。对实验的总体适应（唤醒降低）表现在所有受试者的皮肤电阻水平（SRL）显著增加，但当这种适应效应在统计学上得到控制时，只有在口头任务期间，吸烟者通过性别相互作用才有显著影响，因此男性的SRL增加，而女性则减少。相反，同样的分析表明，吸烟只会显著增加心率（HR），而这不受性别或任务是口头还是（更容易的）空间任务的影响。我们解释的SRL结果反映了性别差异的方向短暂的心理唤醒，并讨论了它在文献中的证据的基础上自我报告，和证据（基于HR在这项研究中和其他研究中的血压）生理（心血管）唤醒。
In a two-day, two-session experiment where smokers male and female college-student subjects worked on a cognitive verbal task during either the first or second day, and on a cognitive spatial task on the second or first day, smoking was manipulated as an acute independent variable by requiring 10+ hours of pre-experimental abstention, and providing a cigarette during the 15-minute rest period between the two sessions. Non-smoker female and male subjects underwent the same experiment, and hence served as controls for the effects of this acute-smoking manipulation. Overall adaptation (decreased arousal) to the experiment was manifested in a significant increase in skin resistance level (SRL) in all subjects, but when this adaptation effect was statistically controlled, there was a significant smokers by sex interaction during the verbal task only, such that SRL was increased by the cigarette in males, but decreased in females. In contrast, the same analysis indicated only a marked increase in heart-rate (HR) due to smoking, which was unaffected either by sex or by whether the task was the verbal or the (easier) spatial one. We interpret the SRL results as reflecting a sex difference in the direction of transient psychological arousal, and discuss it in relation to evidence in the literature based on self reports, and to evidence (based on HR in this study and on blood pressure in other studies) on physiological (cardiovascular) arousal.