Gustatory responses of the hamster Mesocricetus auratus to various compounds considered sweet by humans
Gustatory responses of the hamster Mesocricetus auratus to various compounds considered sweet by humans
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1998.80.4.2102
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nofre, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Danilova, V;Hellekant, G;Nofre, C
用三种不同的方法研究了30种化合物在金仓鼠身上的味道：单纤维记录、两瓶偏好（TBP）和条件厌恶（CTA）测试。总的来说，结果表明，仓鼠的味觉在许多方面与人类不同，因为在26种被人类认为是甜的化合物中，有11种没有味道或尝起来不同。结果也支持了s -纤维的活动引起喜欢和Q-或h -纤维的活动引起排斥的观点。具体来说，对来自鼓室索固有神经的36个单纤维进行分层聚类分析，分离出由11个蔗糖纤维、14个NaCl纤维和11个柠檬酸纤维组成的N-、H-和s -簇。Ace-K、氰脲聚糖、n -4-氰苯基- n '-氰胍乙酸酯（CCGA）、d -色氨酸、n -3,5-二氯苯基- n '-(S)- α -甲基苄基胍（DMGA）、糖精、SC-45637和硫脲聚糖在TBP试验中被显著偏爱，在CTA试验中被推广到蔗糖。乙二醇除刺激s -纤维外，还刺激n -纤维。这解释了它在CTA中的推广到蔗糖。其毒性可能导致其在TBP试验中的排斥反应。甜蜜素钠刺激了少量N-纤维，但没有s -纤维，这可能解释了TBP和CTA结果的非歧视性。甘氨酸在s纤维中引起了最大的反应，尽管它也刺激了其他纤维。由此产生的混合味觉可以解释为什么它在TBP中不受欢迎，尽管它在CTA中推广到蔗糖。Alitame、阿斯巴甜、N-4-氰苯基氨基甲酰- l-天冬氨酸-(R)- α -甲基苄胺（CAM）、N-4-氰苯基氨基甲酰-(R， S)-3-氨基-3-（3,4-亚甲基二氧苯基）丙酸（CAMPA）、N-(S)-2-甲基己醇- l-谷氨酰基-5-氨基-2-氨基-二碳腈（MAGAP）、N-1-萘酰基- l-谷氨酰基-5-氨基-2-吡啶碳腈（NAGAP）、NHDHC、超阿斯巴甜和thaumatin是人类认为没有反应的甜化合物，在TBP测试中没有区别。并且在CTA测试中没有给出泛化。
The taste of 30 compounds was studied in the golden hamster with three different methods: single-fiber recordings, two-bottle preference (TBP), and conditioned taste aversion (CTA) tests. On the whole, the results showed that the sense of taste in the hamster differs in many respects from that in humans because, of 26 tested compounds known as sweet to humans, 11 had no taste or tasted differently. The results also supported the notion that activity in S-fibers elicits liking and activity in Q- or H-fibers rejection. Specifically hierarchial cluster analysis of 36 single fibers from the chorda tympani proper nerve separated N-, H-, and S-clusters consisting of 11 sucrose-, 14 NaCl-, and 11 citric-best fibers. Ace-K, cyanosuosan, N-4-cyanophenyl-N'-cyanoguanidineacetate (CCGA), D-tryptophan, N-3,5-dichlorophenyl-N'-(S)-alpha-methylbenzylguanidine (DMGA), saccharin, SC-45637, and suosan stimulated only the S-fibers, were significantly preferred in TBP tests, and generalized to sucrose in the CTA tests. Ethylene glycol stimulated the N-fibers in addition to the S-fibers. This explains its generalization to sucrose in CTA. Its toxicity may contribute to ifs rejection in TBP tests. Sodium cyclamate stimulated a few N- but no S-fibers, which may explain the nondiscriminatory TBP and CTA results. Glycine elicited its largest response in the S-fibers, although it also stimulated other fibers. The resulting mixed taste sensation may explain why it was not preferred in TBP, although it generalized to sucrose in the CTA. Alitame, aspartame, N-4-cyanophenylcarbamoyl-L-aspartyl-(R)-alpha-methylbenzylamine (CAM), N-4-cyanophenylcarbamoyl-(R, S)-3-amino-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) propionic acid (CAMPA), N-(S)-2-methylhexanoyl-L-glutamyl-5-amino-dinecarbonitrile (MAGAP), N-1-naphthoyl-L-glutamyl-5-amino-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (NAGAP), NHDHC, superaspartame, and thaumatin were among the compounds considered sweet by humans that gave no response, were not discriminated in the TBP test, and gave no generalization in the CTA tests.