Co-planted barnyardgrass reduces rice yield by inhibiting plant above-and belowground-growth during post-heading stages
Co-planted barnyardgrass reduces rice yield by inhibiting plant above-and belowground-growth during post-heading stages
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混种稗草会抑制抽穗后植物地上和地下的生长，从而降低水稻产量
DOI：
10.1016/j.cj.2020.10.011
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yongfeng Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zichang Zhang;Jingjing Cao;Tao Gu;Xia Yang;Qiong Peng;Lianyang Bai;Yongfeng Li
无芒草(Echinochloaspp.)是稻田中最常见的有害杂草，它抑制水稻生长，降低粮食产量。到目前为止，关于水稻地上和地下生长变化的信息很少，这是由于邻近的无芒草造成的。本研究旨在研究水稻在不同生长方式下的根系性状和地上部生长的变化。南京9108)与两个不同品种的棘豆(Echinochloa crusgali(L.)美人。(EP，var.Mitis(Pursh)Petern；EH，var.zelayensis(H.B.K.)Hitchc)和结肠埃希氏菌(L.)2017年和2018年在该领域的LINK(EL)。四个处理包括对照(即无杂草水稻)和与三种无芒草(EP、EH和EL)共培养。结果表明，EP、EH和EL处理分别显著降低水稻产量30.6%~36.2%、42.5%~46.5%和10.6%~14.3%。在水稻抽穗后生长过程中，地上部分生长速度、叶片光合作用速率、籽粒玉米素(Z)和玉米素核苷(ZR)、籽粒蔗糖向淀粉转化的关键酶活性以及根系性状如长度密度、根干重、总吸收表面积、活性吸收表面积、氧化活性和Z+-ZR含量均显著降低。此外，上述水稻地上部生长指数与根系性状呈极显著正相关。这些结果表明，水稻抽穗后生长和根系性状的下降是导致水稻与无芒草相邻生长时产量下降的原因之一。
Barnyardgrass (Echinochloaspp.) is the most common noxious weed in rice paddies as it inhibits rice growth and reduces grain yield. To date, little information is available on above- and belowground-growth changes in rice due to neighboring barnyardgrass. This study aimed to investigate the changes in root traits and shoot growth of rice when it is grown with different kinds of barnyardgrass.Japonicarice plants (var. Nanjing 9108) were co-cultured with two varieties ofEchinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv. (EP, var. mitis(pursh) Petern; EH, var.zelayensis(H.B.K.) Hitchc), andE.colonum(L.) Link (EL) in the field in 2017 and 2018. Four treatments included control (i.e., weed free rice plants) and co-cultures with each of three barnyardgrasses (EP, EH, and EL). The results revealed that EP, EH, and EL treatments significantly reduced rice grain yields by 30.6%–36.2%, 42.5%–46.5%, and 10.6%–14.3%, respectively. Shoot growth including shoot dry weight, leaf photosynthetic rate, zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in grains, and activities of key enzymes involved in sucrose-to-starch conversion in grains and root traits, such as length density, root dry weight, total absorbing surface area, active absorption surface area, oxidation activity, and Z + ZR contents in roots were dramatically reduced during post-heading stages of rice when grown with the three kinds of barnyardgrass. Moreover, above-mentioned rice shoot growth indices were strongly and positively correlated with root traits. These results suggested the decrease in rice shoot growth and root traits during post-heading stages contributes to the reduction in the rice yield when it grows with barnyardgrass neighbors.
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