Hypertension and sleep apnea in black South Africans - A case control study
Hypertension and sleep apnea in black South Africans - A case control study
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DOI：
10.1016/0895-7061(95)00387-8
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Becker, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartel, PR;Loock, M;Becker, P
尽管相对一致的研究结果表明，高血压患者的睡眠呼吸暂停/呼吸不足（SAH）患病率高于预期，但年龄和肥胖等控制不当的因素可能是造成这些结果的原因。对 20 名患有高血压的南非黑人进行了整夜的多导睡眠图检查，这些人患这种疾病的风险较高。他们与对照组的黑人受试者在年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）、颈围和睡眠问卷得分方面进行了匹配。虽然各组在人口统计学变量和 8/9 人体测量指标方面没有显着差异，但高血压组的呼吸暂停/呼吸不足指数 (AH) (P =.01)、AH 持续时间较长 (P =.01) 和平均最低动脉氧饱和度水平较低 (P =.005)。在人体测量指标中，只有年龄和颈围被发现是 AHI 的辅助因素，并在分析中予以考虑。五名高血压患者和两名对照者的 AHI > 10，患病率比值比为 3（95% 置信区间：0.66-14.50）。本研究似乎是第一项针对非洲黑人受试者的研究，其患病率结果在很大程度上与其他种族群体中获得的结果相当。与对照组（最大 AHI = 12）相比，五种高血压亚组（AHI - 14-30）出现更严重的 SAH 的趋势。虽然缺乏数据表明抗高血压药物与人类蛛网膜下腔出血之间存在联系，但在放弃这一因素之前还需要进一步研究。
Despite relatively consistent findings that patients with hypertension have higher than anticipated prevalences of sleep apneal/hypopnea (SAH), inadequately controlled factors such as age and obesity have been implicated as possibly accounting for these findings. All-night polysomnograms were performed on 20 hypertensive black South Africans, a group with increased risk for this disease. They were matched with a control group of black subjects in respect of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference and scores on a sleep questionnaire. While the groups failed to differ significantly in terms of demographic variables, nor in regard to 8/9 anthropometric measures, the hypertensive group had a significantly higher apneal/hypopnea index (AH) (P =.01), longer duration of AH (P =.01) and lower mean minimum arterial oxygen saturation levels (P =.005). Of the anthropometric measures, only age and neck circumference were found to be cofactors for AHI and were accounted for in the analysis. Five of the hypertensive patients and two of the controls had an AHI >10, giving a prevalence odds ratio of 3 (95% confidence interval: 0.66-14.50). The present study appears to be the first in black African subjects and with prevalence findings largely comparable to those obtained in other ethnic groups. There was a trend for more severe SAH to occur in this subgroup of five hypertensives (AHI - 14-30) than in controls (maximum AHI = 12). While data are lacking to link antihypertensive medication to SAH in humans, further study is necessary before discarding this factor.