The continental atlas of tsetse and African animal trypanosomosis in Nigeria
The continental atlas of tsetse and African animal trypanosomosis in Nigeria
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105328
复制
发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Zhao, Weining
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Gier, Jill;Cecchi, Giuliano;Zhao, Weining
采采热传播的锥虫病在尼日利亚仍然是一个主要的动物健康问题，因为土地覆盖、气候和控制干预措施的变化正在改变其流行病学模式。为逐步控制该病，循证决策需要关于该病发生和流行以及采采虫媒介的分布和丰度的空间显性信息。在采采树和非洲动物锥虫大陆地图集(AAT)的框架内，根据对133篇科学出版物(1990年1月至2019年3月)的系统审查，为尼日利亚建立了一个地理参考数据库。发现与该病有关的三种主要锥虫(即间日锥虫、贡氏锥虫和布氏锥虫)分布广泛，从而构成国家级问题。它们的地理分布延伸到采采带以外，这是由于动物运动和非采采媒介的机械传播的共同作用。还报道了猪的主要锥虫病原体西米亚锥虫、戈德弗雷锥虫和人感染的布氏锥虫。在牛、绵羊、山羊、猪、骆驼、马、驴和狗等一些易感宿主物种中报告了AAT，但没有发现对野生动物的研究。诊断技术的敏感性极大地影响了对发病率的估计，从血片的平均3.5%到分子技术的31.0%不等。在尼日利亚的所有六个地缘政治区都发现了两种河滨采采草(即掌叶格洛西纳Glossina palis Palis和格氏采采子G.tachinoides)，它们的地理范围最广。相比之下，稀树草原物种的分布似乎高度分散，仅限于保护区。关于森林物种的信息很少，只有一篇论文报道了尼日尔三角洲地区的g.fusca conGolensis和g.nigrofusca nigrofusca。根据已公布和未公布的信息，未来编制国家采采集和AAT地图集可以改进目前的审查，并为决策提供进一步的流行病学证据。
Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis remains a major animal health problem in Nigeria, in a context where changes in land cover, climate and control interventions are modifying its epidemiological patterns. Evidence-based decision making for the progressive control of the disease requires spatially-explicit information on its occurrence and prevalence, as well as on the distribution and abundance of the tsetse vector.In the framework of the continental Atlas of tsetse and African animal trypanosomosis (AAT), a geo-referenced database was assembled for Nigeria, based on the systematic review of 133 scientific publications (period January 1990 - March 2019).The three main species of trypanosomes responsible for the disease (i.e. Trypanosoma vivax, T. congolense and T. brucei) were found to be widespread, thus posing a national-level problem. Their geographic distribution extends beyond the tsetse-infested belt, owing to the combined effect of animal movement and mechanical transmission by non-tsetse vectors. T. simiae, the major trypanosomal pathogen in pigs, T. godfreyi and the human-infective T. brucei gambiense were also reported. AAT was reported in a number of susceptible host species, including cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, camels, horses, donkeys and dogs, while no study on wildlife was identified. Estimates of prevalence are heavily influenced by the sensitivity of the diagnostic techniques, ranging from an average of 3.5% for blood films to 31.0% for molecular techniques.Two riverine tsetse species (i.e. Glossina palpalis palpalis and G. tachinoides) were found to have the broadest geographical range, as they were detected in all six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. By contrast, the distribution of savannah species (i.e. G. morsitans submorsitans and G. longipalpis) appears to be highly fragmented, and limited to protected areas. Very little information is available for forest species, with one single paper reporting on G. fusca congolensis and G. nigrofusca nigrofusca in the Niger Delta region.The future development of a national Atlas of tsetse and AAT, relying on both published and unpublished information, could improve on the present review and provide further epidemiological evidence for decision making.