EXAMINING THE LIMITS OF FLIGHT AND ORIENTATION PERFORMANCE - SATELLITE TRACKING OF BRENT GEESE MIGRATING ACROSS THE GREENLAND ICE-CAP
EXAMINING THE LIMITS OF FLIGHT AND ORIENTATION PERFORMANCE - SATELLITE TRACKING OF BRENT GEESE MIGRATING ACROSS THE GREENLAND ICE-CAP
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1995.0119
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发表时间：
1995-07-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
AKESSON, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GUDMUNDSSON, GA;BENVENUTI, S;AKESSON, S
布伦特鹅Branta bernicla hrota在冰岛的一个春季中途停留地配备了卫星发射器。布伦特鹅为长途飞行存款大量的燃料，穿过格陵兰岛的冰盖，飞往加拿大北部的繁殖地。在这次旅程中，对布伦特鹅的卫星跟踪服务于双重目的，即测试关于以下方面的具体预测：（i）鸟类飞行中与大小相关的动力约束（重载荷对爬升能力的严重限制）;以及（ii）在偏北地理和磁纬度的方向约束（不同的路线取决于使用的天体或地磁线索）。五个人被成功地跟踪到格陵兰岛西部，他们穿越了格陵兰冰帽，到达海拔2500米以上（ASL）。它们的爬升率非常小，为0.01-0.06 m/s（-1），这表明它们在飞行中受到了与尺寸相关的临界功率限制。冰坡上的移动非常缓慢，最合理的解释是，鹅在部分无氧飞行之间经常停顿。飞行轨迹出奇地不规则，尽管从冰岛出发和穿越格陵兰岛的方向是相似的。大雁的定位可能是基于地标导航和指南针机制的结合，从而提供恒定的地理路线，而不管纵向时间和地磁变化沿着路线的差异。
Brent geese, Branta bernicla hrota, were equipped with satellite transmitters on a spring stop-over site in Iceland. The brent geese deposit heavy fuel reserves for long-distance flights across the high Greenland ice-cap to breeding destinations in north Canada. Satellite tracking of brent geese on this journey serves the twofold purpose of testing specific predictions about: (i) size-dependent power constraints in bird flight (severe restrictions in climbing capacity with heavy payloads); and (ii) orientation constraints at northerly geographic and magnetic latitudes (different routes depending on which celestial or geomagnetic cues are used). Five individuals were successfully tracked to west Greenland, and they traversed the Greenland ice-cap where it reaches > 2500 m above sea level (ASL). Their climbing rates were exceedingly small, 0.01-0.06 m s(-1), indicating critical size-dependent power limitations on flight. The movement up the ice slope was very slow, and the most plausible interpretation is that the geese paused frequently between partly anaerobic flights. The flight tracks were surprisingly irregular, although departure directions from Iceland and across Greenland were similar. The geese's orientation is probably based on a combination of landmark piloting and a compass mechanism giving a constant geographic course irrespective of longitudinal time and geomagnetic declination (variation) differences along the route.