Backyard shacks, informality and the urban housing crisis in South Africa: stopgap or prototype solution?
Backyard shacks, informality and the urban housing crisis in South Africa: stopgap or prototype solution?
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南非的后院棚屋、非正规性和城市住房危机：权宜之计还是原型解决方案？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Borel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Turok;J. Borel
南方的快速城市化促进了非正式住房的大规模增长。南非的经历有些不同寻常，因为非正规活动的增长似乎采取了在已建成城镇的后院棚屋的形式，而不是在棚户区的独立棚屋。这对家庭福利（例如更好地获得服务）和城市地区的有效运作具有潜在的重要意义。本文开发了一个评估影响的框架，并将其应用于该国主要的大都市区豪登省。研究发现，住在后院的人比住在其他地方的棚屋的人生活得稍微好一点，尽管对城市地区更广泛的好处尚不明确。从某些方面来说，后院小屋是那些急需栖身之处的贫困家庭的权宜之计。在其他方面，它们代表了一种解决城市住房危机的原型。政府可以采取更多措施改善基本居住条件，减轻当地服务部门的额外压力。
Abstract Rapid urbanisation in the South has contributed to the growth of informal housing on a large scale. South Africa’s experience is somewhat unusual in that the growth of informality appears to have taken the form of backyard shacks in established townships rather than free-standing shacks in squatter settlements. This is potentially important for household well-being (e.g. better access to services) and for the efficient functioning of urban areas. The paper develops a framework for assessing the impacts and applies it to the country’s leading metropolitan region, Gauteng. It finds that people are slightly better-off in backyards than in shacks elsewhere, although the wider benefits for urban areas are equivocal. In some respects backyard shacks are a stopgap for poor households desperate for somewhere to live. In other respects they represent a kind of prototype solution to the urban housing crisis. The government could do more to improve basic dwelling conditions and to relieve the extra pressure on local services.