Impact of second-language experience in infancy: brain measures of first- and second-language speech perception
Impact of second-language experience in infancy: brain measures of first- and second-language speech perception
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00973.x
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kuhl, Patricia K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conboy, Barbara T.;Kuhl, Patricia K.
到婴儿第一年末，语言经验会“缩小”言语感知，减少对非母语音素对比的歧视，同时改善母语对比歧视。先前的研究表明，9-10 个月时提供的第二语言经验可以逆转非母语歧视的下降，但尚不清楚第二语言经验是否会影响第一语言语音处理。使用事件相关电位 (ERP)，我们检查了 9.5 至 10.5 个月大的单语英语学习婴儿在接触西班牙语之前和之后，西班牙语和英语音素对比下大脑活动的学习相关变化。婴儿在 11 个月（暴露后）时对西班牙语对比表现出显着的歧视性 ERP 反应，但在 9 个月（暴露前）时则没有。英语对比在 11 个月时比 9 个月时更早地引发了歧视性反应，这表明母语处理能力有所改善。结果表明，婴儿可以快速编码新的语音信息，并且在婴儿期的第二语言学习过程中可以提高母语语音处理能力。
Language experience 'narrows' speech perception by the end of infants' first year, reducing discrimination of non-native phoneme contrasts while improving native-contrast discrimination. Previous research showed that declines in non-native discrimination were reversed by second-language experience provided at 9-10 months, but it is not known whether second-language experience affects first-language speech sound processing. Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we examined learning-related changes in brain activity to Spanish and English phoneme contrasts in monolingual English-learning infants pre- and post-exposure to Spanish from 9.5 to 10.5 months of age. Infants showed a significant discriminatory ERP response to the Spanish contrast at 11 months (post-exposure), but not at 9 months (pre-exposure). The English contrast elicited an earlier discriminatory response at 11 months than at 9 months, suggesting improvement in native-language processing. The results show that infants rapidly encode new phonetic information, and that improvement in native speech processing can occur during second-language learning in infancy.