Human Monkeypox
Human Monkeypox
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DOI：
10.1093/cid/cit703
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发表时间：
2014-01-15
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Damon, Inger K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCollum, Andrea M.;Damon, Inger K.
人猴痘是一种人畜共患正痘病毒，表现与天花相似。临床上很难将这种疾病与天花和水痘鉴别。实验室诊断是确定和监测疾病的主要组成部分，需要新的测试来进行更准确和快速的诊断。大多数人类感染发生在中非，那里基础设施薄弱的农村地区的监测很困难，但可以通过循证工具和教育材料来完成，以告知公共卫生工作者重要原则。由于人口没有接受常规天花疫苗接种，因此需要进行现代流行病学研究。新的治疗方法和疫苗为治疗和预防猴痘带来了希望;然而，在它们准备好在地方性环境中部署之前，必须进行更多的研究。有必要在流行病地区对病毒的流行病学、生态学和生物学进行更多的研究，以更好地了解和预防人类感染。
Human monkeypox is a zoonotic Orthopoxvirus with a presentation similar to smallpox. Clinical differentiation of the disease from smallpox and varicella is difficult. Laboratory diagnostics are principal components to identification and surveillance of disease, and new tests are needed for a more precise and rapid diagnosis. The majority of human infections occur in Central Africa, where surveillance in rural areas with poor infrastructure is difficult but can be accomplished with evidence-guided tools and educational materials to inform public health workers of important principles. Contemporary epidemiological studies are needed now that populations do not receive routine smallpox vaccination. New therapeutics and vaccines offer hope for the treatment and prevention of monkeypox; however, more research must be done before they are ready to be deployed in an endemic setting. There is a need for more research in the epidemiology, ecology, and biology of the virus in endemic areas to better understand and prevent human infections.