Immune Evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Emerging Variants: What Have We Learnt So Far?
Immune Evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Emerging Variants: What Have We Learnt So Far?
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DOI：
10.3390/v13071192
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发表时间：
2021-06-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cupic M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lazarevic I;Pravica V;Miljanovic D;Cupic M
尽管与其他核糖核酸病毒相比，SARS-CoV-2的进化速度较慢，但它在新冠肺炎大流行期间的大规模快速传播使其自首次进入人类种群以来获得了显著的基因多样性。这导致了许多变种的出现，其中一些最近被贴上了“令人担忧的变种”(VOC)的标签，因为它们对传播、发病率/死亡率以及通过感染、疫苗接种或治疗应用引起的抗体逃避中和具有潜在影响。逃避中和的可能性是由于刺突蛋白中突变积累而产生的目标表位的多样性造成的。虽然有三种全球公认的VOC(Alpha或B.1.1.7、Beta或B.1.351和Gamma或P.1)仍然对中和敏感，但恢复期个人和几种抗COVID19疫苗的接受者的血清水平降低了，但尖峰变异对单抗的中和能力的影响要明显得多。新确认的VOC Delta或谱系B.1.617.2以及当地接受的VOC(Epsilon或B.1.427/29-US和B1.1.7与E484K-UK)表明有必要在全球范围内密切监测新的变种。本文综述了VOCs的特性、突变模式及其在免疫逃避中的作用。
Despite the slow evolutionary rate of SARS-CoV-2 relative to other RNA viruses, its massive and rapid transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic has enabled it to acquire significant genetic diversity since it first entered the human population. This led to the emergence of numerous variants, some of them recently being labeled “variants of concern” (VOC), due to their potential impact on transmission, morbidity/mortality, and the evasion of neutralization by antibodies elicited by infection, vaccination, or therapeutic application. The potential to evade neutralization is the result of diversity of the target epitopes generated by the accumulation of mutations in the spike protein. While three globally recognized VOCs (Alpha or B.1.1.7, Beta or B.1.351, and Gamma or P.1) remain sensitive to neutralization albeit at reduced levels by the sera of convalescent individuals and recipients of several anti-COVID19 vaccines, the effect of spike variability is much more evident on the neutralization capacity of monoclonal antibodies. The newly recognized VOC Delta or lineage B.1.617.2, as well as locally accepted VOCs (Epsilon or B.1.427/29-US and B1.1.7 with the E484K-UK) are indicating the necessity of close monitoring of new variants on a global level. The VOCs characteristics, their mutational patterns, and the role mutations play in immune evasion are summarized in this review.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abc4730
发表时间：
2020-09-25
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
64.5
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
64.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
Balazs, Alejandro B.
DOI：
10.1007/3-7643-7339-3_1
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Coronaviruses with Special Emphasis on First Insights Concerning SARS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cavanagh D
通讯作者：
Cavanagh D
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
Kyratsous, Christos A.