A fibrinogen-based precision microporous scaffold for tissue engineering
A fibrinogen-based precision microporous scaffold for tissue engineering
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.08.020
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14
通讯作者：
Giachelli, Cecilia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Linnes, Michael P.;Ratner, Buddy D.;Giachelli, Cecilia M.
纤维素长期以来一直被用作有效的支架材料来生长各种细胞和组织结构。它主要用作不同浓度的水凝胶，以提供悬浮细胞重新排列纤维并放置其自身细胞外基质的环境。为了使这些纤维蛋白水凝胶在许多组织工程应用中有用，必须长时间培养凝胶以将其机械强度增加到天然组织的水平。高浓度的纤维蛋白原增加了纤维蛋白水凝胶的机械强度，但同时降低了支架内细胞扩散和存活的能力。我们提出了一种方法来创建一个微孔，nanofibriliar纤维蛋白支架，具有可控的孔径，孔隙率和微观结构的应用在组织工程。纤维素作为支架材料具有许多优点，因为它通常被身体用作组织再生和愈合的临时支架，并且可以自体来源。我们在这里提出了一个支架的过程中，通过形成它周围的聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）珠，然后用丙酮去除珠，形成一个相互连接的微孔网络，提高了纤维蛋白水凝胶的机械性能。丙酮起到沉淀和固定基于纤维蛋白原的支架以及在聚合物珠去除期间增加网络强度的双重目的。研究了丙酮中纤维蛋白原浓度和时间的影响以及与凝血酶的聚合作用。天然交联剂京尼平也用于增加支架的强度，在反应36小时后产生高达184 +/- 5 kPa的杨氏模量。使用这些方法，我们能够生产微孔纤维蛋白支架，支持细胞生长，并具有类似于许多天然组织的机械性能。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Fibrin has been long used as an effective scaffolding material to grow a variety of cells and tissue constructs. It has been utilized mainly as a hydrogel in varying concentrations to provide an environment in which suspended cells work to rearrange the fibers and lay down their own extracellular matrix. For these fibrin hydrogels to be useful in many tissue-engineering applications, the gels must be cultured for long periods of time in order to increase their mechanical strength to the levels of native tissues. High concentrations of fibrinogen increase the mechanical strength of fibrin hydrogels, but at the same time reduce the ability of cells within the scaffold to spread and survive. We present a method to create a microporous, nanofibriliar fibrin scaffold that has controllable pore size, porosity, and microstructure for applications in tissue engineering. Fibrin has numerous advantages as a scaffolding material as it is normally used by the body as temporary scaffolding for tissue regeneration and healing, and can be autologously sourced. We present here a scaffolding process which enhances the mechanical properties of the fibrin hydrogel by forming it surrounding poly(methyl-methacrylate) beads, then removing the beads with acetone to form an interconnected microporous network. The acetone serves the dual purpose of precipitating and fixing the fibrinogen-based scaffolds as well as adding strength to the network during polymer bead removal. Effects of fibrinogen concentration and time in acetone were examined as well as polymerization with thrombin. A natural crosslinker, genipin, was also used to add strength to the scaffolds, producing a Young's modulus of up to 184 +/- 5 kPa after 36 h of reaction. Using these methods we were able to produce microporous fibrin scaffolds that support cell growth and have mechanical properties similar to many native tissues. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.