Understanding the Large‐Scale Influence of Levees on Floodplain Connectivity Using a Hydrogeomorphic Approach
Understanding the Large‐Scale Influence of Levees on Floodplain Connectivity Using a Hydrogeomorphic Approach
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使用水文地貌方法了解堤坝对洪泛区连通性的大规模影响
DOI：
10.1111/1752-1688.12717
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Nardi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kara Scheel;R. Morrison;A. Annis;F. Nardi
广泛修建堤坝减少了河流与洪泛平原的连通性，改变了许多河流系统中的相关河流过程。尽管认识到堤坝可以改变洪泛区的连通性，很少有研究探讨堤坝在减少大流域尺度洪泛区面积的作用。本文探讨了位于美国中西部的瓦巴什盆地水文地貌洪泛区淹没模型的应用，以评估堤坝保护区洪泛区的变化。我们评估了10米和30米的地形分辨率，并在空间上研究了防洪堤对河漫滩区域的影响。一般来说，防洪堤保护区的洪泛区受到地形分辨率，河流顺序和地形数据集中发现的防洪堤高程细节的影响。我们表明，与联邦应急管理局地图相比，我们的方法在使用10 m分辨率地形数据时低估了洪泛区，但在使用30 m分辨率数据时仅略微高估。在从地形数据中删除堤坝的细节后，我们发现洪泛区面积的变化在空间上各不相同，但与包含堤坝的地形数据集相比，流域汇总结果变化不大，尽管在某些地区，堤坝被删除时，洪泛区面积会更大。这项工作有助于越来越多的研究强调使用水文地貌洪泛区模型，以了解洪泛区断开。
The widespread construction of levees has reduced river–floodplain connectivity and altered associated fluvial processes in many river systems. Despite the recognition that levees can alter floodplain connectivity, few studies have examined the role of levees in reducing floodplain areas at large watershed scales. This paper explores the application of a hydrogeomorphic floodplain inundation model in the Wabash Basin, located in the Midwestern United States, to assess changes in floodplain area in levee‐protected areas. We evaluate 10‐ and 30‐m topographic resolutions and spatially examine the influence of levees on floodplain area in relation to river network attributes. Generally, floodplains in levee‐protected areas were influenced by topographic resolution, stream order, and elevation details of levees found in topography datasets. We show, when compared to Federal Emergency Management Agency maps, our approach underpredicts floodplain area when using 10‐m resolution topography data but only slightly overpredicts when using 30‐m resolution data. After removing details of levees from topography data, we found changes in floodplain area varied spatially, but basin‐aggregate results changed little compared to topography datasets that contain levees, though larger floodplain areas were produced in some regions where levees were removed. This work contributes to a growing research emphasis on using hydrogeomorphic floodplain models to understand floodplain disconnectivity.